National Food Agency, P.O. Box 622, SE-751 26 Uppsala, Sweden.
Environ Int. 2013 Jan;51:88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.10.010. Epub 2012 Nov 28.
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) exert harmful effects on cognitive, endocrine and immune functions and bioaccumulate in the environment and human tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the body burden of several POPs in the adult population (n=246) and their association to diet and other lifestyle factors in a Swedish national survey. Serum concentrations of several polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and the pesticides hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), chlordane compounds and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were determined by liquid-liquid extraction, silica column cleanup and gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry. Diet was assessed using 4-day food records and complementary dietary and lifestyle factors by questionnaire. Fish intake was additionally assessed by plasma fatty acid composition. Clustering of the compounds revealed that PCBs were separated into two clusters, one including low-chlorinated PCB 28 and 52, and the other high-chlorinated mono- and di-ortho PCBs, suggesting similarities and dissimilarities in exposure sources and possibly also toxicokinetics. Men had 24% and 32% higher levels of PCB 138-180 and chlordane compounds, respectively, compared with women. This may partly be explained by elimination of the POPs among women reporting a history of breastfeeding. The proportion of very long-chain n-3 fatty acids in plasma were positively correlated with the pollutants: r=0.24 (PCB 28), r=0.33 (PCB 118), r=0.35 (PCB 138-180), r=0.29 (HCB), r=0.18 (β-HCH), r=0.34 (chlordane compounds), r=0.34 (p,p'-DDE), p≤0.005. Individuals consuming fatty Baltic fish≥1 time per months had 45% higher serum levels of PCB 118 compared with non-consumers. Levels of PCB 28 were associated with the age of the residential building. To conclude, the population-distributed approach of surveying dietary habits, lifestyle factors and POP body burdens, made it possible to identify personal characteristics associated with the POP body burdens in Sweden.
持久性有机污染物 (POPs) 对认知、内分泌和免疫系统具有有害影响，并在环境和人体组织中生物累积。本研究的目的是在一项瑞典全国性调查中，研究成年人（n=246）体内的几种 POP 负荷及其与饮食和其他生活方式因素的关系。通过液液萃取、硅胶柱净化和气相色谱高分辨率质谱法测定血清中几种多氯联苯 (PCB)、六氯苯 (HCB)、β-六氯环己烷 (β-HCH)、氯丹化合物和二氯二苯二氯乙烯 (DDE) 的浓度。通过 4 天的食物记录评估饮食，通过问卷评估补充饮食和生活方式因素。还通过血浆脂肪酸组成评估鱼类摄入量。化合物聚类表明，PCBs 分为两组，一组包括低氯化的 PCB 28 和 52，另一组包括高氯化的单和二邻位 PCB，表明暴露源和可能的毒代动力学存在相似性和差异性。与女性相比，男性体内的 PCB 138-180 和氯丹化合物的含量分别高出 24%和 32%。这部分可能是由于报告母乳喂养史的女性体内 POP 的消除。血浆中非常长链 n-3 脂肪酸的比例与污染物呈正相关：r=0.24（PCB 28），r=0.33（PCB 118），r=0.35（PCB 138-180），r=0.29（HCB），r=0.18（β-HCH），r=0.34（氯丹化合物），r=0.34（p,p'-DDE），p≤0.005。每月至少食用 1 次波罗的海高脂肪鱼类的个体，其血清中 PCB 118 的水平比非食用者高 45%。PCB 28 的水平与住宅建筑的年龄有关。总之，通过调查饮食习惯、生活方式因素和 POP 体负荷的人群分布方法，我们可以确定与瑞典 POP 体负荷相关的个人特征。
