Beth Israel Medical Center, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chemical Dependency Institute, New York, NY 10038, USA.
Sex Transm Dis. 2010 Oct;37(10):637-43. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e1a64a.
To examine prevalence of and associations between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection and HIV infection among never-injecting heroin and cocaine drug users (NIDUs) in New York City.
Subjects were recruited from patients entering the Beth Israel drug detoxification program. Informed consent was obtained, a structured questionnaire including demographics, drug use history, and sexual risk behavior was administered, and a blood sample was collected for HIV and HSV-2 antibody testing.
A total of 1418 subjects who had never (lifetime) injected drugs (NIDUs) were recruited between July 2005 through June 2009. Subjects were primarily male (76%), and black (67%) or Hispanic (25%), reported recent crack cocaine use (74%), and had a mean age of 42 years. Eleven percent of males reported male-with-male sexual (MSM) behavior. The prevalence of both viruses was high: for HSV-2, 61% among the total sample, 50% among non-MSM males, 85% among females, and 72% among MSM; for HIV, 16% among the total sample, 12% among non-MSM males, 20% among females, and 46% among MSM. HSV-2 was associated with HIV (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.3-4.5; PR = 2.7, 95% CI: 2.0-3.7). Analyses by gender and age groups indicated different patterns in mono- and coinfection for the 2 viruses.
HSV-2 and HIV rates among these NIDUs are comparable with rates in sub-Saharan Africa. Additional prevention programs, tailored to gender and age groups, are urgently needed. New platforms for providing services to NIDUs are also needed.
研究从未注射过海洛因和可卡因的吸毒者（NIDU）中单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）感染和 HIV 感染的流行情况及其相关性，这些 NIDU 均来自纽约市。
研究对象是从 Beth Israel 戒毒计划的入组患者中招募的。获得知情同意后，对他们进行了一项包括人口统计学、药物使用史和性行为风险的结构化问卷调查，并采集血样用于 HIV 和 HSV-2 抗体检测。
共招募了 1418 名从未（终生）注射过毒品的 NIDU，招募时间为 2005 年 7 月至 2009 年 6 月。这些 NIDU 主要为男性（76%），黑种人（67%）或西班牙裔（25%），近期曾使用过快克可卡因（74%），平均年龄为 42 岁。11%的男性报告有男男性行为（MSM）。两种病毒的流行率均较高：HSV-2 在总样本中的流行率为 61%，非 MSM 男性中的流行率为 50%，女性中的流行率为 85%，MSM 中的流行率为 72%；HIV 在总样本中的流行率为 16%，非 MSM 男性中的流行率为 12%，女性中的流行率为 20%，MSM 中的流行率为 46%。HSV-2 与 HIV 相关（OR = 3.2，95%CI：2.3-4.5；PR = 2.7，95%CI：2.0-3.7）。按性别和年龄组进行分析表明，两种病毒的单一感染和混合感染存在不同的模式。
这些 NIDU 中的 HSV-2 和 HIV 流行率与撒哈拉以南非洲的流行率相当。迫切需要制定针对性别和年龄组的额外预防计划。还需要为 NIDU 提供服务的新平台。
