Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Emerg Med J. 2011 Oct;28(10):892-4. doi: 10.1136/emj.2009.086140. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
To investigate the factors associated with adverse clinical features presented by drug overdose/self-poisoning patients and the treatments provided.
Historical patient records collected over 3 months from ambulance crews attending non-fatal overdoses/self-poisoning incidents were reviewed. Logistic regression was used to investigate predictors of adverse clinical features (reduced consciousness, obstructed airway, hypotension or bradycardia, hypoglycaemia) and treatment.
Of 22,728 calls attended to over 3 months, 585 (rate 26/1000 calls) were classified as overdose or self-poisoning. In the 585 patients identified, paracetamol-containing drugs were most commonly involved (31.5%). At least one adverse clinical feature occurred in 103 (17.7%) patients, with higher odds in men and opiate overdose or illegal drugs. Older patients and patients with reduced consciousness were more likely to receive oxygen. The latter also had a greater chance of receiving saline.
Non-fatal overdose/self-poisoning accounted for 2.6% of patients attended by an ambulance. Gender, illegal drugs or opiates were important predictors of adverse clinical features. The treatments most often provided to patients were oxygen and saline.
调查与药物过量/自我中毒患者出现的不良临床特征相关的因素以及所提供的治疗方法。
回顾了 3 个月内从救护人员那里收集的超过 22728 个非致命性药物过量/自我中毒事件的历史患者记录。使用逻辑回归分析来研究不良临床特征（意识降低、气道阻塞、低血压或心动过缓、低血糖）和治疗的预测因素。
在 3 个月内的 22728 次呼叫中，有 585 次（发生率为 26/1000 次呼叫）被归类为药物过量或自我中毒。在确定的 585 名患者中，最常涉及含有对乙酰氨基酚的药物（31.5%）。至少有 103 名（17.7%）患者出现了不良临床特征，男性和阿片类药物过量或非法药物的患者发生不良临床特征的几率更高。老年患者和意识降低的患者更有可能接受氧气治疗。后者接受生理盐水治疗的可能性也更大。
非致命性药物过量/自我中毒占救护车收治患者的 2.6%。性别、非法药物或阿片类药物是不良临床特征的重要预测因素。最常为患者提供的治疗方法是氧气和生理盐水。
