Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Council Victoria, 100 Drummond Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 Nov;12(11):1089-98. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq155. Epub 2010 Sep 16.
To describe the prevalence, correlates of, and reasons for use of roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco in a high RYO use and ethnically diverse country: New Zealand (NZ).
The NZ arm of the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Survey (ITC Project) is sampled from the New Zealand Health Survey, with boosted sampling of Māori, Pacific peoples, and Asian New Zealanders. We surveyed 1,376 current adult smokers using standard ITC project procedures in 2007-2008.
Prevalence of regularly smoking RYOs was 53% (with 38% of all smokers being exclusive RYO smokers). RYO use was higher among disadvantaged smokers, heavier smokers, those with a relatively low intention of quitting, and those with more friends who smoke. RYO use increased more in the youngest age groups as disadvantage increased. "Lower price" dominated the reasons smokers' cited for smoking RYOs (at 83%). About one fifth cited "less health concerns" as a reason.
RYO smoking is particularly associated with individual deprivation and high levels of dependence. Its capacity to blunt price signals provided by tobacco taxes is accompanied by misperceptions that it is less hazardous to health and it is particularly prevalent among vulnerable disadvantaged populations (including Māori, young people, and those with mental health problems). Governments should reconsider removing any tax advantages given to RYO tobacco, ensure RYO smokers are properly informed of health risks, and supported to quit as strongly as other smokers. However, governments should also examine a broader range of options including a higher differential tax on RYO tobacco, removing flavors, and controlling all tobacco marketing.
描述在一个高自卷（RYO）使用和种族多样化的国家（新西兰）中，自卷烟草的使用情况、相关因素和使用原因。
新西兰是国际烟草控制政策评估调查（ITC 项目）的一部分，其样本来自新西兰健康调查，对毛利人、太平洋岛民和亚裔新西兰人进行了增强抽样。我们在 2007-2008 年期间使用 ITC 项目的标准程序对 1376 名当前成年吸烟者进行了调查。
定期吸食 RYO 的比例为 53%（所有吸烟者中有 38%是纯 RYO 吸烟者）。劣势吸烟者、重度吸烟者、相对戒烟意愿较低者和吸烟朋友较多者的 RYO 使用率较高。随着劣势的增加，年龄最小的组别中 RYO 使用的增加幅度更大。吸烟者吸食 RYO 的主要原因是“价格更低”（占 83%）。约五分之一的人认为“健康问题较少”是一个原因。
RYO 吸烟特别与个人贫困和高度依赖有关。它能够削弱烟草税带来的价格信号，同时人们错误地认为它对健康的危害较小，而且它在弱势劣势人群（包括毛利人、年轻人和有心理健康问题的人）中特别普遍。政府应重新考虑取消给予 RYO 烟草的任何税收优惠，确保 RYO 吸烟者充分了解健康风险，并像其他吸烟者一样得到强烈支持戒烟。然而，政府还应考虑更广泛的选择，包括对 RYO 烟草征收更高的差别税、去除口味以及控制所有烟草营销。
