Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Council Victoria, 100 Drummond Street Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.
J Environ Public Health. 2012;2012:406283. doi: 10.1155/2012/406283. Epub 2012 May 13.
To establish the trends in prevalence, and correlates, of roll-your-own (RYO) use in Canada, USA, UK and Australia, 2002-2008.
Participants were 19,456 cigarette smokers interviewed during the longitudinal International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four-Country Survey in Canada, USA, UK, and Australia.
"Predominant" RYO use (i.e., >50% of cigarettes smoked) increased significantly in the UK and USA as a proportion of all cigarette use (both P < .001) and in all countries as a proportion of any RYO use (all P < .010). Younger, financially stressed smokers are disproportionately contributing to "some" use (i.e., ≤50% of cigarettes smoked). Relative cost was the major reason given for using RYO, and predominant RYO use is consistently and significantly associated with low income.
RYO market trends reflect the price advantages accruing to RYO (a product of favourable taxation regimes in some jurisdictions reinforced by the enhanced control over the amount of tobacco used), especially following the impact of the Global Financial Crisis; the availability of competing low-cost alternatives to RYO; accessibility of duty-free RYO tobacco; and tobacco industry niche marketing strategies. If policy makers want to ensure that the RYO option does not inhibit the fight to end the tobacco epidemic, especially amongst the disadvantaged, they need to reduce the price advantage, target additional health messages at (young) RYO users, and challenge niche marketing of RYO by the industry.
确定 2002-2008 年间加拿大、美国、英国和澳大利亚自有卷烟（roll-your-own，RYO）使用的流行趋势及其相关因素。
参与者为在加拿大、美国、英国和澳大利亚进行的纵向国际烟草控制（International Tobacco Control，ITC）四国调查中接受访谈的 19456 名成年卷烟吸烟者。
在英国和美国，“主要”使用 RYO（即>50%的所吸卷烟为 RYO）的比例相对于所有卷烟使用比例显著增加（均 P<0.001），在所有国家相对于任何 RYO 使用比例也显著增加（均 P<0.010）。经济压力较大的年轻吸烟者在“部分”使用（即≤50%的所吸卷烟为 RYO）中所占比例不成比例。相对成本是使用 RYO 的主要原因，主要使用 RYO 与低收入显著相关。
RYO 市场趋势反映了 RYO 市场的价格优势（这是一些司法管辖区对 RYO 有利的税收制度的结果，这些制度因对烟草使用量的控制增强而得到加强），特别是在全球金融危机之后；RYO 的替代品具有价格优势；免税 RYO 烟草的可获得性；以及烟草行业的利基营销战略。如果政策制定者希望确保 RYO 选项不会阻碍消除烟草流行的斗争，特别是在弱势群体中，那么他们需要降低 RYO 的价格优势，针对（年轻）RYO 用户提供更多健康信息，并对行业的 RYO 利基营销提出挑战。
