Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, School of Public Health, Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2010 Sep;132:256-9.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) among antenatal clinic (ANC) attendees is used to monitor HIV trends in general population. Recently, information on HIV infection has also become available from prevention of parent-to-child transmission (PPTCT) programmes. Systematic appraisal of routinely collected programme data is needed for choosing a scientific, cost-effective, and ethical surveillance strategy. In this study HIV prevalence estimates obtained from PPTCT programme and HSS were compared to find out the utility of PPTCT programme data for HIV surveillance.
The data of HSS and PPTCT programme were obtained from National AIDS Control Organization, New Delhi. A list of PPTCT programme sites where ANC HSS was also conducted during 2005 to 2007 was prepared. HIV prevalence and 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) were estimated from antenatal attendees in PPTCT and HSS. Correlation coefficient of HIV prevalence in PPTCT and HSS was also examined according to the level of HIV test acceptance in PPTCT programme. Pregnant women presenting directly for labour in PPTCT centers were not included in the analyses.
In 2007, HIV test acceptance ranged from 8 to 100 per cent (average 76%) in 372 sites where both PPTCT and HSS were carried out. HIV prevalence was similar in the PPTCT (0.68%, 95% CI 0.66%, 0.70%) as compared to the HSS (0.61%, 95% CI 0.58%, 0.66%). Overall the correlation of HIV prevalence between PPTCT and HSS was quite high at state level (r = 0.9) but low at district or site level (r = 0.6).
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: HIV prevalence estimates among pregnant women in PPTCT program were similar to that of ANC HSS. Routinely collected PPTCT program data therefore has potential for providing reliable HIV time trends in various states of India.
艾滋病毒哨点监测（HSS）在产前门诊（ANC）就诊者中用于监测一般人群中的艾滋病毒趋势。最近，预防母婴传播（PPTCT）计划也提供了艾滋病毒感染信息。为了选择科学、具有成本效益和符合伦理的监测策略，需要对常规收集的计划数据进行系统评估。在这项研究中，将从 PPTCT 计划和 HSS 获得的艾滋病毒流行率估计值进行比较，以确定 PPTCT 计划数据在艾滋病毒监测中的效用。
从新德里的国家艾滋病控制组织获得 HSS 和 PPTCT 计划的数据。编制了一份 2005 年至 2007 年期间也进行 ANC HSS 的 PPTCT 计划地点清单。从 PPTCT 和 HSS 的产前就诊者中估计艾滋病毒流行率和 95%置信区间（CI）。还根据 PPTCT 计划中艾滋病毒检测接受程度检查了 PPTCT 和 HSS 中艾滋病毒流行率的相关系数。未将直接在 PPTCT 中心分娩的孕妇纳入分析。
2007 年，在同时进行 PPTCT 和 HSS 的 372 个地点，艾滋病毒检测接受率从 8%到 100%不等（平均 76%）。在 PPTCT（0.68%，95%CI 0.66%，0.70%）中，艾滋病毒流行率与 HSS（0.61%，95%CI 0.58%，0.66%）相似。总体而言，州一级 PPTCT 和 HSS 之间的艾滋病毒流行率相关性很高（r = 0.9），但在区或地点一级相关性较低（r = 0.6）。
在 PPTCT 计划中，孕妇的艾滋病毒流行率估计值与 ANC HSS 相似。因此，常规收集的 PPTCT 计划数据具有提供印度各邦可靠艾滋病毒时间趋势的潜力。
