Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2011 Jan;97(3):577-85. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2010.09.011. Epub 2010 Sep 21.
In the present study, we investigated the spatiotemporal properties of locomotor activity after administration of CNS sedatives (pentobarbital and diazepam) and stimulants (theophylline and caffeine) in an open field test. The absolute and relative distances traveled in central or peripheral regions within 2 h were analyzed. We found that both pentobarbital and diazepam increased total travel distances, especially within the initial 30 min, when traveling was mainly in the peripheral region. Pentobarbital induced this hyperactivity at higher doses (maximum at 30 mg/kg); while diazepam at higher doses (4 and 8 mg/kg) mainly decreased the traveled distance during 0-1 h but increased that in the periphery during 1-2 h. On the other hand, both theophylline and caffeine generally increased the traveled distance in the central region; this effect lasted longer with increasing dose. Caffeine increased the traveled distance at lower doses (maximum at 10 mg/kg) but decreased it at higher doses (30 and 100 mg/kg) during the initial 1 h. Theophylline exhibited a similar but smaller decrease at higher doses. Thus, we revealed the spatiotemporal properties that sedatives decrease central locomotion but induce a dose-related peripheral hyperactivity while stimulants induce central hyperactivity with a bell-shaped dose-response relation.
在本研究中，我们在旷场测试中研究了中枢镇静剂（戊巴比妥和地西泮）和兴奋剂（茶碱和咖啡因）给药后运动活动的时空特性。分析了 2 小时内中央或外周区域的绝对和相对行驶距离。我们发现，戊巴比妥和地西泮均增加了总行驶距离，尤其是在初始 30 分钟内，此时行驶主要在外周区域。戊巴比妥在较高剂量（30mg/kg 时最大）下诱导这种过度活跃；而地西泮在较高剂量（4 和 8mg/kg）下主要在 0-1 小时内减少行驶距离，但在 1-2 小时内增加外周的行驶距离。另一方面，茶碱和咖啡因通常都增加了中央区域的行驶距离；随着剂量的增加，这种作用持续时间更长。茶碱在较低剂量（10mg/kg 时最大）下增加行驶距离，但在较高剂量（30 和 100mg/kg）下在最初 1 小时内减少行驶距离。茶碱在较高剂量下表现出相似但较小的下降。因此，我们揭示了时空特性，即镇静剂减少中央运动，但诱导与剂量相关的外周过度活跃，而兴奋剂以钟形剂量反应关系诱导中央过度活跃。
