Department of Community Health Sciences, Tulane School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2010 Oct;47(4):389-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.02.008. Epub 2010 Apr 28.
Using a Problem Behavior Theory framework, this article examines the extent to which psychosocial correlates of early sexual initiation (before age 16) vary across developed nations.
Fifteen-year-old participants (n = 5,624) in the 1997-1998 World Health Organization collaborative Health Behavior in School-Aged Children survey (Finland, Scotland, France, and Poland) and the 1996 U.S. Add Health survey self-reported substance use (alcohol and tobacco), school attachment, positive parental communication, and early sexual intercourse experience. Stratifying by gender, we performed univariate, bivariate, and multivariable analyses controlling for family socioeconomic status, family structure, and nation fixed effects.
Self-reported early sexual experience, substance use, school attachment, and positive communication with parents varied significantly across nations for both boys and girls. In both crude and adjusted analyses, substance use was positively associated with early sexual experience among boys and girls across nations, although associations were stronger in Europe than in the United States (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]; range, 1.56-3.74). School attachment was similarly inversely related to early sexual experience among boys and girls across nations (AOR range, .63-.94). However, positive parent communication was significantly inversely related to early sexual experience only among U.S. females (AOR .50).
Findings overall supported the fit of early adolescent sexual initiation as a risk behavior within a Problem Behavior Theory framework cross-nationally, suggesting that similar factors could be targeted to prevent early sexual initiation across some developed nations. However, further research is warranted examining the temporality of these relationships.
本文运用问题行为理论框架，考察了在不同发达国家，青少年早期（16 岁之前）发生性行为的心理社会相关因素的差异程度。
1997-1998 年，世界卫生组织合作的“儿童期健康行为”调查（芬兰、苏格兰、法国和波兰）和 1996 年美国“健康与人类行为”调查中，15 岁的参与者（n=5624）报告了物质使用（酒精和烟草）、学校依恋、与父母的积极沟通以及早期性行为经验。我们按性别分层，对这些数据进行了单变量、双变量和多变量分析，并控制了家庭社会经济地位、家庭结构和国家固定效应。
自我报告的早期性经验、物质使用、学校依恋和与父母的积极沟通在男孩和女孩中都因国家而异。在未调整和调整分析中，物质使用与男孩和女孩在不同国家的早期性经验呈正相关，尽管在欧洲的关联比在美国更强（调整后的优势比[OR]；范围，1.56-3.74）。学校依恋与不同国家的男孩和女孩的早期性经验呈负相关（OR 范围，.63-.94）。然而，只有在美国女性中，与父母的积极沟通与早期性经验呈显著负相关（OR.50）。
总体而言，研究结果支持了将青少年早期性行为作为问题行为理论框架下的一种风险行为在跨国界范围内的适用性，这表明在一些发达国家，类似的因素可以被用来预防早期性行为的发生。然而，需要进一步研究来检验这些关系的时间顺序。
