Information Network of Departments of Dermatology, University of Göttingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 3, Göttingen, Germany.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2011 Apr;84(4):403-11. doi: 10.1007/s00420-010-0581-8. Epub 2010 Sep 24.
Since 1993, assiduous efforts have been made in Germany to lower the incidence of allergic cement dermatitis by reducing the content of hexavalent chromium (Cr VI). Usage of epoxy resin systems has considerably increased in the building trade in the same period. We analysed data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) to evaluate the influence of these changing occupational exposures on frequencies of sensitization.
IVDK data of 1,153 men working in the building trade (bricklayers, tile setters etc.) presenting with occupational skin disease in the years 1994-2008 were analysed, taking into consideration not only the year of patch testing, but also beginning and duration of work in the building trade.
While contact sensitization to chromate decreased from 43.1 to 29.0%, sensitization to epoxy resin increased from 8.4 to 12.4%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, compared to those who had already worked before 1994, patients having started to work in building trade after 1999 had a significantly decreased risk of chromate sensitization (odds ratio 0.42) and a significantly increased risk of sensitization to epoxy resin (odds ratio 2.79). Additionally, risk of thiuram sensitization increased with the duration of employment.
Our data confirm that reducing Cr VI content of cement is useful in preventing allergic cement eczema, as previously found in Scandinavia. In contrast, the increasing prevalence of contact sensitization to epoxy resin components in the building trade is alarming. Preventive measures, which have already been implemented, have to be enforced.
自 1993 年以来，德国一直致力于通过降低六价铬 (Cr VI) 的含量来降低过敏性水泥皮炎的发病率。同期，建筑行业中环氧树脂系统的使用量大大增加。我们分析了皮肤科信息网络 (IVDK) 的数据，以评估这些不断变化的职业暴露对致敏频率的影响。
我们分析了 1994 年至 2008 年期间在建筑行业（瓦工、瓷砖安装工等）工作的 1153 名男性职业性皮肤病患者的 IVDK 数据，不仅考虑了斑贴试验的年份，还考虑了他们在建筑行业开始和持续工作的时间。
虽然接触铬酸盐的致敏率从 43.1%降至 29.0%，但对环氧树脂的致敏率从 8.4%增至 12.4%。逻辑回归分析显示，与那些在 1994 年之前已经工作的人相比，1999 年后开始在建筑行业工作的患者对铬酸盐致敏的风险显著降低（比值比 0.42），对环氧树脂致敏的风险显著增加（比值比 2.79）。此外，随着就业时间的延长，硫代氨基甲酸盐致敏的风险也增加了。
我们的数据证实，如先前在斯堪的纳维亚半岛发现的那样，降低水泥中的六价铬含量对于预防过敏性水泥性皮炎是有效的。相比之下，建筑行业中接触环氧树脂成分致敏的患病率不断增加令人警惕。已经实施的预防措施必须得到加强。
