Melisa Moore, Sleep Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Clin Psychol. 2010 Nov;66(11):1195-204. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20731.
Bedtime problems and frequent night wakings are common sleep problems in infants and toddlers, affecting 20 to 30% of young children. Such problems, categorized as behavioral insomnia of childhood (BIC), lead to insufficient sleep, which contributes to multiple domains of child dysfunction. Behavioral treatments of BIC, such as extinction and positive routines are introduced, and supporting evidence is reviewed. Critical factors in developing a successful treatment plan include conducting a detailed assessment, collaboratively developing a plan that starts where the family is, and providing support between sessions. A case of a 3-year-old girl with BIC illustrates how treatment helped her to develop healthy sleep habits and taught her to sleep independently via graduated and standard extinction.
婴儿和幼儿常见的睡眠问题包括睡前问题和频繁夜醒，影响了 20%至 30%的儿童。这些问题被归类为儿童行为性失眠（BIC），会导致睡眠不足，从而影响儿童多个方面的功能。目前已经引入了 BIC 的行为治疗方法，例如消退和积极的日常习惯，并对相关支持证据进行了审查。制定成功治疗计划的关键因素包括进行详细评估、与家庭合作制定从家庭现状出发的计划，以及在治疗过程中提供支持。通过逐步和标准消退法，本文通过一个患有 BIC 的 3 岁女孩的案例说明了治疗如何帮助她养成健康的睡眠习惯并学会独立入睡。
