Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2010 Nov;36(6):1573-81. doi: 10.1037/a0020934.
Iconicity is a property that pervades the lexicon of many sign languages, including American Sign Language (ASL). Iconic signs exhibit a motivated, nonarbitrary mapping between the form of the sign and its meaning. We investigated whether iconicity enhances semantic priming effects for ASL and whether iconic signs are recognized more quickly than noniconic signs are (controlling for strength of iconicity, semantic relatedness, familiarity, and imageability). Twenty deaf signers made lexical decisions to the 2nd item of a prime-target pair. Iconic target signs were preceded by prime signs that were (a) iconic and semantically related, (b) noniconic and semantically related, or (c) semantically unrelated. In addition, a set of noniconic target signs was preceded by semantically unrelated primes. Significant facilitation was observed for target signs when they were preceded by semantically related primes. However, iconicity did not increase the priming effect (e.g., the target sign PIANO was primed equally by the iconic sign GUITAR and the noniconic sign MUSIC). In addition, iconic signs were not recognized faster or more accurately than were noniconic signs. These results confirm the existence of semantic priming for sign language and suggest that iconicity does not play a robust role in online lexical processing.
象似性是许多手语词汇的属性，包括美国手语 (ASL)。象似性标志在形式和意义之间表现出一种有动机的、非任意的映射。我们研究了象似性是否增强了 ASL 的语义启动效应，以及象似性标志是否比非象似性标志更快地被识别（控制象似性、语义相关性、熟悉度和可形象性的强度）。二十名聋人签名者对一对前导-目标项的第二项进行词汇决策。象似性目标标志之前是（a）象似性和语义相关的，（b）非象似性和语义相关的，或（c）语义不相关的前导标志。此外，一组非象似性目标标志之前是语义不相关的前导标志。当目标标志前面是语义相关的前导标志时，会观察到显著的促进作用。然而，象似性并没有增加启动效应（例如，目标标志 PIANO 被象似性标志 GUITAR 和非象似性标志 MUSIC 同等地启动）。此外，象似性标志的识别速度或准确性并不比非象似性标志更快或更准确。这些结果证实了手语的语义启动效应的存在，并表明象似性在在线词汇处理中没有起到强大的作用。
