Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
BMC Pediatr. 2012 Feb 4;12:12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-12.
The purpose of this study was to describe the food and nutrient intake of a population of rural Australian children particularly Indigenous children. Participants were aged 10 to 12 years, and living in areas of relative socio-economic disadvantage on the north coast of New South Wales.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study 215 children with a mean age of 11.30 (SD 0.04) years (including 82 Indigenous children and 93 boys) completed three 24-hour food recalls (including 1 weekend day), over an average of two weeks in the Australian summer of late 2005.
A high proportion of children consumed less than the Australian Nutrient Reference Values for fibre (74-84% less than Adequate Intake (AI)), calcium (54-86% less than Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)), folate and magnesium (36% and 28% respectively less than EAR among girls), and the majority of children exceeded the upper limit for sodium (68-76% greater than Upper Limit (UL)). Energy-dense nutrient-poor (EDNP) food consumption contributed between 45% and 49% to energy. Hot chips, sugary drinks, high-fat processed meats, salty snacks and white bread were the highest contributors to key nutrients and sugary drinks were the greatest per capita contributor to daily food intake for all. Per capita intake differences were apparent by Indigenous status. Consumption of fruit and vegetables was low for all children. Indigenous boys had a higher intake of energy, macronutrients and sodium than non-Indigenous boys.
The nutrient intake and excessive EDNP food consumption levels of Australian rural children from disadvantaged areas are cause for concern regarding their future health and wellbeing, particularly for Indigenous boys. Targeted intervention strategies should address the high consumption of these foods.
本研究旨在描述澳大利亚农村儿童（尤其是土著儿童）的食物和营养素摄入量。参与者年龄在 10 至 12 岁之间，生活在新南威尔士州北部沿海地区相对社会经济劣势的地区。
在这项描述性横断面研究中，215 名年龄在 11.30 岁（SD 0.04）岁（包括 82 名土著儿童和 93 名男孩）的儿童在 2005 年澳大利亚夏季的两周内平均完成了三次 24 小时食物回忆（包括一个周末）。
很大比例的儿童摄入的纤维低于澳大利亚营养素参考值（AI）（摄入不足的比例为 74-84%）、钙（EAR 低于 54-86%）、叶酸和镁（EAR 分别低于女孩的 36%和 28%），而且大多数儿童的钠摄入量超过上限（UL）（高于 UL 的 68-76%）。高能量、低营养（EDNP）食物的摄入量占能量的 45%至 49%。热薯条、含糖饮料、高脂肪加工肉类、咸零食和白面包是主要的营养素来源，而所有饮料中含糖饮料是人均每日食物摄入量最大的来源。土著儿童和非土著儿童之间的营养素摄入量存在差异。所有儿童的水果和蔬菜摄入量都较低。土著男孩的能量、宏量营养素和钠摄入量均高于非土著男孩。
来自弱势地区的澳大利亚农村儿童的营养摄入量和高 EDNP 食物摄入量令人担忧，这对他们未来的健康和福祉构成了威胁，特别是对土著男孩。应采取有针对性的干预策略来解决这些食物的高消费问题。
