Department of Epidemiology, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011 Apr;11(4):327-39. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0072. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has changed dramatically over the past 15 years. Initially a nosocomial pathogen, newly emergent strains of MRSA have become increasingly common in the community among individuals lacking contact with healthcare. More recently, a third group of MRSA strains have been identified in association with livestock, particularly swine. These strains, termed livestock-associated MRSA, have now been identified in Europe, North America, and Asia in humans and animals. One molecular type, ST398, has been the dominant strain of livestock-associated MRSA identified to date. The emergence of this strain in animals and humans will be described in this review, including colonization and clinical infections caused by this strain. We also discuss lingering research questions and implications for controlling spread of this bacterium in an agricultural environment and beyond.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的流行病学在过去 15 年中发生了巨大变化。最初是医院病原体，新出现的 MRSA 菌株在缺乏与医疗保健接触的人群中在社区中越来越常见。最近，与牲畜（尤其是猪）相关的第三组 MRSA 菌株已被确定。这些菌株被称为与牲畜相关的 MRSA，已经在欧洲，北美和亚洲的人类和动物中被发现。一种分子类型 ST398 是迄今为止已鉴定出的与牲畜相关的 MRSA 的主要菌株。本文将描述这种菌株在动物和人类中的出现情况，包括该菌株引起的定植和临床感染。我们还讨论了悬而未决的研究问题及其对控制该细菌在农业环境中及其他环境中的传播的影响。
