University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2010 Oct;22(5):649-54. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.09.005. Epub 2010 Oct 15.
NK cells constitute an innate MHC class I-reactive lymphoid population that rapidly responds to infection, injury, or cell distress. In the transplant field, NK cells have most often been associated with pro-inflammatory immunity resulting in the exacerbation of allograft injury. Despite this general view of NK cell reactivity, it has been challenging to assign unambiguous obligate roles for NK cells in the allograft response. While recent reports continue to provide evidence supporting a role for NK cells in promoting both acute and chronic rejection, there are also a growing number of studies that illustrate an alternative role for NK cells in promoting allograft survival and tolerance. This review addresses the plasticity of NK responses in transplantation by suggesting specific 'checkpoints' whereby NK cells can either enhance or inhibit the allograft response in vivo.
自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞构成了一种固有 MHC I 类反应性淋巴样群体，能够迅速对感染、损伤或细胞应激做出反应。在移植领域，NK 细胞通常与促炎免疫有关，导致移植物损伤加重。尽管人们对 NK 细胞反应有这种普遍看法，但要明确 NK 细胞在移植物反应中的强制性作用仍然具有挑战性。尽管最近的报告继续提供证据支持 NK 细胞在促进急性和慢性排斥反应中的作用，但也有越来越多的研究表明 NK 细胞在促进移植物存活和耐受方面具有替代作用。本综述通过提出特定的“检查点”来探讨 NK 细胞在移植中的反应可塑性，通过这些检查点，NK 细胞可以在体内增强或抑制移植物反应。
