Department of Geology and Geography University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 USA.
Disasters. 1989 Sep;13(3):228-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.1989.tb00712.x.
The nature of small, historic settlements in Apennine Italy is described and options for reconstructing them are discussed. Villages and towns are disproportionately vulnerable to damage by even small earthquakes, which can cause substantial changes to their distinctive character. Responses to such events are outlined, including various strategies of evacuation and the process of developing standardized methods for post-disaster architectural survey. Rationales for demolishing damaged buildings, and their role in causing decentralization of the settlements, are discussed. The effects of temporary shelter and contemporary reconstruction plans are evaluated in terms of their impact on the changing urban landscape of such towns. Finally, inconsistencies in government reconstruction funding are shown to be responsible for much of the variability of post-disaster recovery in Italy. Hence, existing theoretical models are of little use in predicting the course of reconstruction.
描述了意大利亚平宁山脉小型历史定居点的性质，并讨论了重建这些定居点的选择方案。村庄和城镇极易受到即使是小型地震的破坏，这可能会对其独特特征造成重大变化。概述了对此类事件的应对措施，包括各种疏散策略以及为灾后建筑调查制定标准化方法的过程。讨论了拆除受损建筑物的理由及其在导致定居点分散方面的作用。还根据它们对这些城镇不断变化的城市景观的影响，评估了临时住所和当代重建计划的效果。最后，事实表明，政府重建资金的不一致性是意大利灾后恢复过程多变的主要原因。因此，现有的理论模型在预测重建过程方面用处不大。
