Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2010 Nov;39(5):460-3. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.07.007.
Walk Score recently has been demonstrated as a valid and reliable tool for estimating access to nearby facilities, a critical component of the physical activity environment. It has not yet been determined whether Walk Score relates to other critical components of the physical activity environment, including street connectivity, access to public transit, residential density, and crime.
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between Walk Score and objective/subjective measures of the physical activity environment.
Walk Scores were calculated for residential addresses of 296 participants of two RCTs (2006-2009). Street connectivity, residential density, access to public transit provisions, and crime were objectively measured (GIS) and cross-referenced with Walk Scores and participant's perceptions of the environment (e.g., perceived crime, access to physical activity facilities, perceived neighborhood walkability). Pairwise Pearson correlations were calculated in March 2010 to compare Walk Score to subjective/objective measures of neighborhood walkability.
Significant positive correlations were identified between Walk Score and several objective (e.g., street connectivity, residential density and access to public transit provisions) and subjective (e.g., summed score of the physical activity environment) measures of the physical activity environment. However, positive correlations also were observed between Walk Score and crime.
Collectively, these findings support Walk Score as a free, easy-to-use, and quick proxy of neighborhood density and access to nearby amenities. However, positive associations between Walk Score and reported crime highlight a limitation of Walk Score and warrant caution of its use.
最近，Walk Score 已被证明是一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于评估附近设施的可达性，这是身体活动环境的一个关键组成部分。尚未确定 Walk Score 是否与身体活动环境的其他关键组成部分（包括街道连通性、公共交通的可达性、居住密度和犯罪）相关。
本研究旨在探讨 Walk Score 与身体活动环境的客观/主观测量指标之间的关系。
为了计算 296 名参加两项 RCT（2006-2009 年）的参与者的居住地址的 Walk Score，我们对街道连通性、居住密度、公共交通设施的可达性和犯罪情况进行了客观测量（GIS），并与 Walk Score 和参与者对环境的感知（例如，感知犯罪、获得体育活动设施的机会、感知社区的适宜步行性）进行了交叉参考。2010 年 3 月，我们计算了皮尔逊相关系数，以比较 Walk Score 与邻里适宜步行性的主观/客观测量指标。
Walk Score 与几个客观（例如，街道连通性、居住密度和公共交通设施的可达性）和主观（例如，身体活动环境的总和得分）身体活动环境测量指标之间存在显著的正相关关系。然而，Walk Score 与犯罪之间也观察到了正相关关系。
总的来说，这些发现支持了 Walk Score 作为衡量邻里密度和附近便利设施可达性的免费、易于使用和快速代理的作用。然而，Walk Score 与报告犯罪之间的正相关关系突出了其使用的局限性，需要谨慎对待。
