Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Brazil.
Environ Res. 2011 Jan;111(1):21-4. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2010.09.012.
Brazilian shrimp culture industry has a great economic importance mainly to the northeast region. However, the accelerated development of this activity has resulted in the emergency of outbreaks of diseases from farming shrimp, and as a consequence the use of antimicrobial drugs to minimize the potential adverse effect under the shrimp production. The inappropriate use of antibiotics in aquaculture is one of the causes for the high incidence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria isolated from aquatic environments that represent a danger for aquatic organisms and human health. There is little information available on the level of antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic bacteria from shrimp farming environment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic resistance profile among Vibrio isolates from hatcheries water samples and from cultivated marine shrimp hepatopancreas (L. vannamei). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by a standard disc diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxytetracycline (OTC) for resistant Vibrio isolates was determinate by broth dilution method. The results showed a high incidence of resistance to ampicillin (45.2%) and to the tetracycline class (38.7%). Florfenicol and nitrofurantoin were 100% effective against Vibrio isolates. In this study, the OTC-resistant Vibrio spp. showed MIC values of more than 400mg/L and the presence of seawater did not influence the oxytetracycline bioactivity. The occurrence of antimicrobial multiresistance patterns was observed in 29% of Vibrio isolates. Fifty-five percent of multiresistant isolates of Vibrio lost one or more antibiotic resistance phenotype after procedure to curing of resistance plasmids. The oxytetracycline resistance was the phenotype most often lost among plasmid-cured isolates.
巴西虾养殖业对东北地区具有重要的经济意义。然而，该活动的快速发展导致了养殖虾疾病的爆发，因此为了减轻虾类生产中的潜在不利影响而使用了抗菌药物。水产养殖中抗生素的不当使用是从水生环境中分离出的具有抗药性的细菌发病率高的原因之一，这些细菌对水生生物和人类健康构成威胁。关于虾养殖环境中致病性细菌的抗药性水平的信息很少。因此，本研究旨在评估从孵化场水样和养殖的斑节对虾（L. vannamei）肝胰腺中分离出的弧菌的表型耐药谱。采用标准纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验，并用肉汤稀释法测定耐氧氟沙星（OTC）的弧菌分离株的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果表明，对氨苄西林（45.2%）和四环素类（38.7%）的耐药率很高。氟苯尼考和呋喃妥因对弧菌分离株均有 100%的疗效。在本研究中，OTC 耐药的弧菌 spp. 的 MIC 值超过 400mg/L，且海水的存在并不影响氧氟沙星的生物活性。观察到 29%的弧菌分离株存在抗菌多药耐药模式。在去除耐药质粒后，55%的多耐药弧菌分离株失去了一种或多种抗生素耐药表型。在经质粒去除处理的分离株中，最常失去的表型是氧氟沙星耐药性。
