Department of Radiology, Division of Breast Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2010 Oct;8(10):1157-64; quiz 1165. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2010.0085.
Mammographic breast density has been studied for more than 30 years. Greater breast density not only is related to decreased sensitivity of mammograms because of a masking effect but also is a major independent risk factor for breast cancer. This article defines breast density and reviews literature on quantification of mammographic density that is key to future clinical and research protocols. Important influences on breast density are addressed, including age, menopausal status, exogenous hormones, and genetics of density. Young women with dense breasts benefit from digital mammographic technique. The potential use of supplemental MRI and ultrasound screening techniques in high-risk women and women with dense breasts is explored, as are potential risk reduction strategies.
乳腺密度的研究已经超过 30 年。乳腺密度较大不仅会因为掩盖效应而导致乳房 X 光检查的敏感性降低，而且还是乳腺癌的一个主要独立危险因素。本文定义了乳腺密度，并回顾了关于乳腺 X 光密度定量的文献，这对未来的临床和研究方案至关重要。文中还讨论了影响乳腺密度的重要因素，包括年龄、绝经状态、外源性激素和密度的遗传因素。致密乳腺的年轻女性受益于数字乳房 X 光技术。探讨了在高危女性和致密乳腺女性中使用补充性 MRI 和超声筛查技术的可能性，以及潜在的降低风险策略。
