Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79124, USA.
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2010 Nov-Dec;55(6):561-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2010.02.014.
Recent research has shown that depression and a range of physical illnesses, including heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes, have an inflammatory etiology. The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3s) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are found in fish and fish-oil products, may protect against these illnesses, in part because they lower inflammation. This article reviews the recent research on omega-3s and women's mental health, with a particular focus on the perinatal period. These studies include population studies examining fish consumption and studies testing the efficacy of EPA and DHA as treatments for depression. Although the findings are mixed, the majority of studies indicate that EPA has efficacy in treating depression either alone or in combination with DHA and/or antidepressant medications. The role of DHA alone in mental health is less clear, but it is generally combined with EPA and appears to have a beneficial effect. In moderate doses, EPA and DHA appear safe for pregnant and postpartum women, and they are well tolerated by patients.
最近的研究表明，抑郁和一系列身体疾病（包括心脏病、代谢综合征和 2 型糖尿病）都具有炎症病因。长链欧米伽-3 脂肪酸（欧米伽-3）二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）存在于鱼类和鱼油产品中，可能对这些疾病具有保护作用，部分原因是它们能降低炎症。本文综述了最近关于欧米伽-3 和女性心理健康的研究，特别关注围产期。这些研究包括对鱼类消费进行的人群研究和对 EPA 和 DHA 作为抗抑郁治疗功效进行的研究。尽管结果不一，但大多数研究表明，EPA 单独或与 DHA 和/或抗抑郁药物联合治疗抑郁症均有效。DHA 对心理健康的单独作用尚不清楚，但通常与 EPA 合用，似乎有有益的效果。在适度剂量下，EPA 和 DHA 对孕妇和产后妇女似乎是安全的，患者也能很好耐受。
