Jay Jonathan, Heykoop Felicia, Hwang Linda, Courtepatte Alexa, de Jong Jorrit, Kondo Michelle
Boston University, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Trust for Public Land, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Landsc Urban Plan. 2022 Dec;228:104554. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104554. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
The COVID-19 pandemic focused attention on city parks as important public resources. However, monitoring park use over time poses practical challenges. Thus, pandemic-related trends are unknown.
We analyzed monthly mobility data from a large panel of smartphone devices, to assess park visits from January 2018 to November 2020 in the 50 largest U.S. cities.
In our sample of 11,890 city parks, visits declined by 36.0 % (95 % CI [27.3, 43.6], p < 0.001) from March through November 2020, compared to prior levels and trends. When we segmented the COVID-19 period into widespread closures (March-April) and reopenings (May-November), we estimated a small rebound in visits during reopenings. In park service areas where a greater proportion of residents were White and highincome, this rebound effect was larger.
Smartphone data can address an important gap for monitoring park visits. Park visits declined substantially in 2020 and disparities appeared to increase.
新冠疫情使城市公园作为重要公共资源受到关注。然而，长期监测公园使用情况面临实际挑战。因此，与疫情相关的趋势尚不清楚。
我们分析了大量智能手机设备的月度移动数据，以评估2018年1月至2020年11月美国50个最大城市的公园访客情况。
在我们所抽取的11,890个城市公园样本中，与之前的水平和趋势相比，2020年3月至11月的访客量下降了36.0%（95%置信区间[27.3, 43.6]，p < 0.001）。当我们将新冠疫情期间划分为全面关闭期（3月至4月）和重新开放期（5月至11月）时，我们估计重新开放期间访客量有小幅反弹。在白人居民和高收入居民比例较高的公园服务区，这种反弹效应更大。
智能手机数据可以填补监测公园访客情况的一个重要空白。2020年公园访客量大幅下降，且差距似乎有所扩大。
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