School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Qual Health Res. 2011 Apr;21(4):502-19. doi: 10.1177/1049732310387798. Epub 2010 Oct 27.
Women who carry BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) gene mutations have up to an 88% lifetime risk of breast cancer and up to a 65% lifetime risk of ovarian cancer. Strategies to address these risks include cancer screening and risk-reducing surgery (i.e., mastectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy). We conducted a grounded theory study with 22 BRCA1/2 mutation-carrier women to understand how women make decisions about these risk-reducing strategies. Preserving the self was the overarching decision-making process evident in the participants' descriptions. This process was shaped by contextual conditions including the characteristics of health services, the nature of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer risk-reduction decisions, gendered roles, and the women's perceived proximity to cancer. The women engaged in five decision-making styles, and these were characterized by the use of specific decision-making approaches. These findings provide theoretical insights that could inform the provision of decisional support to BRCA1/2 carriers.
携带 BRCA1 或 BRCA2（BRCA1/2）基因突变的女性一生中罹患乳腺癌的风险高达 88%，罹患卵巢癌的风险高达 65%。应对这些风险的策略包括癌症筛查和降低风险的手术（即乳房切除术和输卵管卵巢切除术）。我们对 22 名携带 BRCA1/2 基因突变的女性进行了一项扎根理论研究，以了解女性如何做出这些降低风险的策略的决策。保留自我是参与者描述中明显存在的总体决策过程。这一过程受到包括卫生服务特点、遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌降低风险决策的性质、性别角色以及女性对癌症的感知接近程度等因素的影响。女性采用了五种决策风格，这些风格的特点是使用了特定的决策方法。这些研究结果提供了理论上的见解，可以为 BRCA1/2 携带者提供决策支持。
