Zheng T Z, Boyle P, Hu H F, Duan J, Jian P J, Ma D Q, Shui L P, Niu S R, Scully C, MacMahon B
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Health and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing.
Cancer Causes Control. 1990 Nov;1(3):235-41. doi: 10.1007/BF00117475.
A case-control study of oral cancer was conducted in Beijing, People's Republic of China. The study was hospital-based and controls were hospital in-patients matched to the cases by age and gender. A total of 404 case/control pairs were interviewed. This paper provides data regarding oral conditions as risk factors for oral cancer, with every patient having an intact mouth examined (pre-operation among cases) using a standard examination completed by trained oral physicians. After adjustment for tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, poor dentition--as reflected by missing teeth--emerged as a strong risk factor for oral cancer: the odds ratio (OR) for those who had lost 15-32 teeth compared to those who had lost none was 5.3 for men and 7.3 for women and the trend was significant (P less than 0.01) in both genders. Those who reported that they did not brush their teeth also had an elevated risk (OR = 6.9 for men, 2.5 for women). Compared to those who had no oral mucosal lesions on examination (OR = 1.0), persons with leukoplakia and lichen planus also showed an elevated risk of oral cancer among men and women. Denture wearing per se did not increase oral cancer risk (OR = 1.0 for men, 1.3 for women) although wearing metal dentures augmented risk (OR = 5.5 for men). These findings indicate that oral hygiene and several oral conditions are risk factors for oral cancer, independently of the known risks associated with smoking and drinking.
在中国北京开展了一项口腔癌病例对照研究。该研究以医院为基础，对照为按年龄和性别与病例匹配的住院患者。共访谈了404对病例/对照。本文提供了有关口腔状况作为口腔癌风险因素的数据，每位患者（病例组为术前）均由训练有素的口腔医生进行标准检查，以检查口腔完整情况。在对吸烟和饮酒进行调整后，牙列不良（以缺牙情况反映）成为口腔癌的一个重要风险因素：与未缺牙者相比，缺牙15 - 32颗者的比值比（OR）男性为5.3，女性为7.3，且在两性中该趋势均具有显著性（P < 0.01）。报告不刷牙者的风险也有所升高（男性OR = 6.9，女性OR = 2.5）。与检查时无口腔黏膜病变者（OR = 1.0）相比，患有白斑和扁平苔藓者在男性和女性中患口腔癌的风险也有所升高。佩戴假牙本身并未增加口腔癌风险（男性OR = 1.0，女性OR = 1.3），尽管佩戴金属假牙会增加风险（男性OR = 5.5）。这些发现表明，口腔卫生和几种口腔状况是口腔癌的风险因素，与吸烟和饮酒的已知风险无关。
