Hasan Istabrak, Heinemann Friedhelm, Aitlahrach Maria, Bourauel Christoph
Endowed Chair of Oral Technology, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Bonn, Germany.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2010 Dec;55(6):341-50. doi: 10.1515/BMT.2010.049. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
Abstract Short and mini dental implants have been widely used as treatment alternatives in certain selected clinical situations. However, a profound scientific analysis of the mechanical and biomechanical impact of the reduced length and diameter of these implant geometries has not been published until now. Using finite element analysis, a series of different experimentally designed short and mini implants have been analysed with regard to their load transfer to the alveolar bone and have been compared to respective standard commercial implants. Mini implants have been inserted in an idealised bone bed representing the anterior mandibular jaw region and loaded with a force of 150 N. An immediate loading condition was assumed and analysed using the contact analysis option of the FE package MSC.Marc/Mentat. Short implants were inserted in an idealised posterior bone segment and loaded in osseointegrated state with forces of 300 N. Clearly increased bone loading was observed for the short and mini dental implants compared with standard implants, clearly exceeding the physiological limit of 100 MPa. The determined biomechanical characteristics could explain the slightly increased failure rate of short and mini dental implants.
摘要 短种植体和微型种植体已在某些特定临床情况下被广泛用作治疗选择。然而，迄今为止，尚未发表对这些种植体几何形状减小的长度和直径所产生的机械和生物力学影响的深入科学分析。使用有限元分析，对一系列不同的经实验设计的短种植体和微型种植体进行了分析，以研究其向牙槽骨的载荷传递情况，并与相应的标准商用种植体进行了比较。微型种植体被植入代表下颌前部区域的理想化骨床中，并施加150 N的力。假定为即刻加载条件，并使用有限元软件包MSC.Marc/Mentat的接触分析选项进行分析。短种植体被植入理想化的后部骨段中，并在骨整合状态下施加300 N的力。与标准种植体相比，短种植体和微型种植体的骨载荷明显增加，明显超过了100 MPa的生理极限。所确定的生物力学特性可以解释短种植体和微型种植体失败率略有增加的原因。
