Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Oct;20 Suppl 3:53-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01209.x.
Some models of exercise regulation suggest that exercise performance, rather than being solely limited by the attainment of fatigue in one or more physiological systems, is modulated by psychological factors. Extrapolating from such models, exercise capacity and voluntary performance during exercise in hot environments may be governed by a complex interplay between the physiological effects of hyperthermia along with psychological input stemming from the conscious perception of the thermal environment. Evidence is emerging for a neuroanatomical basis for peripheral and central thermal receptors to elicit both a distinct physiological response such as shivering or sweating along with being mapped into an overall subjective sensation of homeostasis. Experimental evidence supporting this interactivity includes the demonstration that physiological manipulations, such as an increased fitness, appear to confer an attenuation of thermal discomfort during whole-body exercise despite similar levels of physiological strain. At the same time, psychological interventions have proven effective in decreasing perceived thermal strain and extending exercise performance in hot environments. The purpose of this review was to survey the potential interactions between thermal perception and exercise performance in the heat.
一些运动调节模型表明，运动表现并非仅仅受到一个或多个生理系统疲劳的限制，而是受到心理因素的调节。从这些模型推断，在炎热环境中进行运动时的运动能力和自愿表现可能受到体温过高的生理影响与源自对热环境的有意识感知的心理输入之间的复杂相互作用的控制。越来越多的证据表明，外周和中枢热感受器具有神经解剖学基础，可以引起明显的生理反应，如颤抖或出汗，同时也映射到整体的自主感觉恒定性上。支持这种相互作用的实验证据包括，尽管生理应激水平相似，但生理调节，例如增强的健康状况，似乎在全身运动时减轻了热不适。与此同时，心理干预已被证明可有效降低热应激的感知并延长在炎热环境中的运动表现。本综述的目的是调查热环境中热感知和运动表现之间的潜在相互作用。
