Department of Dermatology, Poznan University School of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011 May;25(5):501-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03855.x. Epub 2010 Oct 3.
Acne fulminans (AF) is a rare severe form of acne vulgaris associated with systemic symptoms. It primarily affects male adolescents. Although the aetiology of AF remains unknown, many theories have been advanced to explain it. There have been reported associations with increased androgens, autoimmune complex disease and genetic pre-disposition. The disease is destructive, with the acute onset of painful, ulcerative nodules on the face, chest and back. The associated systemic manifestations such as fever, weight loss and musculoskeletal pain are usually present at the onset. The patients are febrile, with leucocytosis and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. They may require several weeks of hospitalization. The treatment of AF has been challenging; the response to traditional acne therapies is poor. The recommended treatment is aggressive and consists of a combination of oral steroids and isotretinoin. To avoid the relapses, duration of such treatment should not be less than 3-5 months. Although the prognosis for patients treated appropriately is good, these acute inflammatory nodules often heal with residual scarring.
暴发性痤疮（AF）是一种罕见的严重寻常痤疮，伴有全身症状。它主要影响男性青少年。尽管 AF 的病因尚不清楚，但已经提出了许多理论来解释它。有报道称其与雄激素增加、自身免疫复合物疾病和遗传易感性有关。这种疾病具有破坏性，其特征是面部、胸部和背部出现疼痛性溃疡性结节。伴随的全身症状如发热、体重减轻和肌肉骨骼疼痛通常在发病时出现。患者发热，白细胞增多，红细胞沉降率增加。他们可能需要住院几周。AF 的治疗一直具有挑战性；传统痤疮治疗方法的反应不佳。推荐的治疗方法是积极的，包括口服类固醇和异维 A 酸的联合治疗。为了避免复发，这种治疗的持续时间不应少于 3-5 个月。尽管适当治疗的患者预后良好，但这些急性炎症性结节常留有瘢痕愈合。
