Occupational Diseases Dept, UMR 6249 CNRS/Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement, France.
Eur Respir J. 2011 Apr;37(4):767-74. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00122209. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
Our aim was to study respiratory symptoms and lung function decline in farmers, with particular attention to the influence of handling hay, straw and animal feed. From a cohort recruited in 1993-1994, 219 (82.6%) dairy farmers, 130 (62.5%) nondairy agricultural workers and 99 (66.4%) controls were re-evaluated in 2006. They answered medical and occupational questionnaires, underwent spirometric tests at both evaluations and pulse oximetry in 2006. Dairy and nondairy agricultural workers showed an increased risk for usual morning phlegm (adjusted OR 4.27 (95% CI 1.41-12.95) and 3.59 (95% CI 1.16-11.10), respectively). Animal feed handling was associated with increased risks of wheezing (p = 0.01) and usual morning phlegm (p = 0.04); hay or straw handling was associated with increased risk of wheezing (p = 0.008). Adjusting for smoking, age, height, sex and altitude, dairy farmers had greater declines in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1))/forced vital capacity ratio (p = 0.01) than controls. An increased decline in FEV(1) for all agricultural workers was associated with animal feed handling, both measured as a categorical (currently versus never handling; p = 0.05) or quantitative value (years of exposure during the survey period; p = 0.03). Hay, straw or animal feed handling represents a risk factor of bronchial symptoms and, for animal feed only, of accelerated decline in expiratory flows.
我们的目的是研究农民的呼吸症状和肺功能下降，特别关注处理干草、秸秆和动物饲料的影响。在 1993-1994 年招募的队列中，219 名（82.6%）奶牛场工人、130 名（62.5%）非奶牛农业工人和 99 名（66.4%）对照组在 2006 年重新进行了评估。他们回答了医学和职业问卷，在两次评估中都进行了肺活量测定，在 2006 年还进行了脉搏血氧饱和度测定。奶牛场工人和非奶牛农业工人出现经常早上有痰的风险增加（调整后的 OR 分别为 4.27（95%CI 1.41-12.95）和 3.59（95%CI 1.16-11.10））。处理动物饲料与喘息（p = 0.01）和经常早上有痰（p = 0.04）的风险增加相关；处理干草或秸秆与喘息风险增加相关（p = 0.008）。在调整了吸烟、年龄、身高、性别和海拔后，奶牛场工人用力呼气量 1 秒（FEV1）/用力肺活量（FVC）的比值下降更大（p = 0.01），而对照组没有。所有农业工人的 FEV1 下降幅度增加与动物饲料处理有关，无论是作为分类（目前与从不处理；p = 0.05）还是定量值（调查期间的暴露年限；p = 0.03）。干草、秸秆或动物饲料处理是支气管症状的危险因素，仅对动物饲料处理，呼气流量的下降速度加快。
