Esposito Roberta, Badano Luigi P, Muraru Denisa, Agricola Eustachio, Mele Donato, Sciomer Susanna, Nistri Stefano, Galderisi Maurizio, Mondillo Sergio
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli.
G Ital Cardiol (Rome). 2010 Jul-Aug;11(7-8):549-56.
Tricuspid valve (TV) morphology and function evaluation plays a key role in several cardiac diseases, including left-sided valvular diseases and heart failure. However, TV is structurally complex and, differently from aortic and mitral valves, cannot be visualized in a single two-dimensional echocardiographic view, neither transthoracic nor transesophageal (i.e., simultaneous imaging of the three TV leaflets and their attachment to the annulus is not feasible). Conversely, real-time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography allows complete visualization of the TV apparatus from multiple views. This can lead to an improvement of our understanding about the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying TV diseases and functional tricuspid regurgitation, and may suggest new surgical techniques in order to improve surgical outcomes. The present review focuses on the state-of-the-art of real-time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in TV morphology and function evaluation with its clinical applications and limits.
三尖瓣（TV）形态和功能评估在包括左侧瓣膜疾病和心力衰竭在内的多种心脏疾病中起着关键作用。然而，三尖瓣结构复杂，与主动脉瓣和二尖瓣不同，无法在单一二维超声心动图视图中可视化，无论是经胸还是经食管（即同时成像三个三尖瓣叶及其与瓣环的附着情况是不可行的）。相反，实时三维经胸超声心动图允许从多个视图完整地可视化三尖瓣装置。这可以增进我们对三尖瓣疾病和功能性三尖瓣反流潜在病理生理机制的理解，并可能提示新的手术技术以改善手术结果。本综述重点关注实时三维经胸超声心动图在三尖瓣形态和功能评估方面的最新进展及其临床应用和局限性。
