Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):242-9. doi: 10.1007/s11886-011-0176-3.
Tricuspid valve (TV) disease commonly occurs in combination with left-sided heart disease. Despite the growing enthusiasm for developing novel minimally invasive therapies for the mitral or aortic valve, the TV disease formerly received less attention and was frequently left untreated. Strong evidence has increased the awareness of the impact of severe TV regurgitation on patient survival, functional capacity, and surgical risk. Preoperative TV accurate description is challenging because, unlike left-sided valves, a complete visualization of tricuspid annulus and all three leaflets in one view is routinely impossible by two-dimensional transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography. Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) with its unrestricted imaging capabilities has sparked significant research interest for a better understanding and improved treatment of valvular heart disease. This review summarizes the current status of 3DE for the assessment of TV morphology and function, with its clinical applications and current limitations, as well as its potential implications for designing TV repair techniques.
三尖瓣（TV）疾病通常与左侧心脏疾病同时发生。尽管人们对二尖瓣或主动脉瓣的新型微创治疗方法越来越感兴趣，但 TV 疾病以前受到的关注较少，并且经常未得到治疗。强有力的证据增加了人们对严重 TV 反流对患者生存、功能能力和手术风险的影响的认识。术前 TV 的准确描述具有挑战性，因为与左侧瓣膜不同，二维经胸或经食管超声心动图通常无法在一个视图中完全可视化三尖瓣环和所有三个瓣叶。具有无限制成像能力的三维超声心动图（3DE）激发了人们对瓣膜性心脏病的更好理解和治疗的研究兴趣。本综述总结了 3DE 评估 TV 形态和功能的现状，包括其临床应用和当前局限性，以及对设计 TV 修复技术的潜在影响。
