Department of Psychology, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2010 Oct;17(5):725-30. doi: 10.3758/PBR.17.5.725.
Three experiments provide evidence for a primacy effect in judgments of spatial location. Participants viewed and immediately estimated a series of spatial locations that were serially ordered from left to right or from right to left. In a subsequent block, they judged the rightmost, leftmost, and center of the distribution or were shown dots at those locations, which they then estimated from memory. Both judgments and memories were biased toward locations that had been presented earliest in the sequence. The findings indicate that participants incorporate not only geometric categories, but also aspects of their prior spatial experience, when estimating locations. The results mirror recent evidence for a primacy effect in nonspatial category induction, suggesting that this effect generalizes across domains.
三项实验为空间位置判断中的首因效应提供了证据。参与者观看并立即估计了一系列从左到右或从右到左按顺序排列的空间位置。在随后的一个环节中，他们判断分布的最右侧、最左侧和中心位置，或者在这些位置显示点，然后根据记忆进行估计。判断和记忆都偏向于序列中最早出现的位置。这些发现表明，参与者在估计位置时不仅结合了几何类别，还结合了他们先前空间经验的各个方面。结果反映了最近在非空间类别归纳中出现的首因效应的证据，表明这种效应在不同领域都具有普遍性。
