Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010 Dec;36(12):1648-61. doi: 10.1177/0146167210386118. Epub 2010 Nov 1.
Multiculturalism, or the belief that racial and ethnic differences should be acknowledged and appreciated, has been met with both positive reactions (e.g., decreased prejudice) and negative reactions (e.g., perceptions of threat) from dominant group members. The present research proposes that multiculturalism can either positively or negatively influence White Americans' intergroup attitudes depending on their degree of ethnic identification. In Studies 1 and 2, White Americans primed with multiculturalism exhibited higher social dominance orientation (Study 1) and greater prejudice (Study 2), especially when they identified strongly with their ethnicity. In Study 3, perceptions of threat to group values were found to mediate the relation between multiculturalism, ethnic identification, and prejudice among White Americans. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for threat perceptions, ethnic identification, and conceptions of diversity.
多元文化主义，即承认和欣赏种族和民族差异的信念，得到了主流群体成员的积极（例如，减少偏见）和消极（例如，威胁感知）反应。本研究提出，多元文化主义可以根据白种美国人的种族认同程度，对他们的群体态度产生积极或消极的影响。在研究 1 和研究 2 中，接受多元文化主义启发的白种美国人表现出更高的社会支配倾向（研究 1）和更大的偏见（研究 2），尤其是当他们强烈认同自己的种族时。在研究 3 中，发现对群体价值观的威胁感知中介了多元文化主义、白种美国人的种族认同和偏见之间的关系。这些结果从威胁感知、种族认同和多样性观念的角度进行了讨论。
