Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health & Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, North Shore Campus, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Relig Health. 2012 Dec;51(4):1137-51. doi: 10.1007/s10943-010-9416-x.
Results from empirical studies on the role of religiosity and spirituality in dealing with stress are frequently at odds, and the present study investigated whether level of religiosity and spirituality is related to the way in which religious coping is used relative to other coping strategies. A sample of 616 university undergraduate students completed the Brief COPE (Carver in Int J Behav Med 4:92-100, 1997) questionnaire and was classified into groups of participants with lower and higher levels of religiosity and spirituality, as measured by the WHOQOL-SRPB (WHOQOL-SRPB Group in Soc Sci Med 62:1486-1497, 2006) instrument. For participants with lower levels, religious coping tended to be associated with maladaptive or avoidant coping strategies, compared to participants with higher levels, where religious coping was more closely related to problem-focused coping, which was also supported by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the present study thus illustrate that investigating the role of religious coping requires more complex approaches than attempting to assign it to one higher order factor, such as problem- or emotion-focused coping, and that the variability of findings reported by previous studies on the function of religious coping may partly be due to variability in religiosity and spirituality across samples.
实证研究中宗教信仰和精神信仰在应对压力方面的作用结果经常不一致，本研究调查了宗教信仰和精神信仰的程度是否与宗教应对方式相对于其他应对策略的使用方式有关。一个由 616 名大学生组成的样本完成了 Brief COPE（Carver in Int J Behav Med 4:92-100, 1997）问卷，并根据 WHOQOL-SRPB（WHOQOL-SRPB Group in Soc Sci Med 62:1486-1497, 2006）工具分为宗教信仰和精神信仰程度较低和较高的两组。与宗教信仰程度较高的参与者相比，宗教信仰程度较低的参与者的宗教应对方式往往与适应不良或回避应对策略有关，而宗教信仰程度较高的参与者的宗教应对方式则与问题导向的应对方式更为密切相关，这一结果也得到了多群组验证性因素分析的支持。因此，本研究的结果表明，研究宗教应对方式的作用需要比试图将其分配到一个更高阶的因素（如问题或情绪导向的应对方式）更复杂的方法，并且以前关于宗教应对方式功能的研究结果的变异性可能部分归因于样本中宗教信仰和精神信仰的变异性。
