Department of Public Health, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
J Adv Nurs. 2011 Feb;67(2):371-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05496.x. Epub 2010 Nov 2.
This paper is a report of a correlational study of the relationships between demographic variables, job satisfaction, and turnover intent among primary healthcare nurses in a rural area of South Africa.
Health systems in Southern Africa face a nursing shortage fuelled by migration, but research on job satisfaction and turnover intent of primary healthcare nurses remains poorly described.
A cross-sectional study with survey design was conducted in 2005 in all local primary healthcare clinics, including nurses on duty at the time of visit (n = 143). Scale development, anova, Spearman's rank correlation, and logistic regression were applied.
Nurses reported satisfaction with work content and coworker relationships and dissatisfaction with pay and work conditions. Half of all nurses considered turnover within two years, of whom three in ten considered moving overseas. Job satisfaction was statistically significantly associated with unit tenure (P < 0·05), professional rank (P < 0·01) and turnover intent (P < 0·01). Turnover intent was statistically significantly explained by job satisfaction, age and education (P < 0·001), with younger and higher educated nurses being more likely to show turnover intent. Satisfaction with supervision was the only facet significantly explaining turnover intent when controlling for age, education, years of nursing and unit tenure (P < 0·001).
Strategies aimed at improving job satisfaction and retention of primary healthcare nurses in rural South Africa should rely not only on financial rewards and improved work conditions but also on adequate human resource management.
本研究报告为相关性研究，旨在探讨南非农村地区初级卫生保健护士的人口统计学变量、工作满意度和离职意向之间的关系。
南部非洲的卫生系统面临着护士短缺的问题，这种短缺是由移民引起的，但对初级卫生保健护士的工作满意度和离职意向的研究仍描述不足。
2005 年采用横断面研究设计，对所有当地初级卫生保健诊所进行了调查，包括当时在诊所值班的护士（n=143）。应用量表开发、方差分析、斯皮尔曼等级相关和逻辑回归进行分析。
护士报告对工作内容和同事关系感到满意，但对薪酬和工作条件不满意。一半的护士考虑在两年内离职，其中十分之三的人考虑到海外工作。工作满意度与单位任期（P<0·05）、专业职称（P<0·01）和离职意向（P<0·01）呈统计学显著相关。离职意向与工作满意度、年龄和教育程度（P<0·001）呈统计学显著相关，年轻和高学历的护士更有可能表现出离职意向。在控制年龄、教育程度、护理年限和单位任期后，只有监督满意度这一方面显著解释了离职意向（P<0·001）。
旨在提高南非农村初级卫生保健护士工作满意度和保留率的策略，不仅应依赖于经济奖励和改善工作条件，还应依赖于充分的人力资源管理。
