Toronto Western Hospital, ON, Canada.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Nov;91(11):1777-1789.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.07.230.
To assemble and synthesize the best evidence on the epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of disordered eating, menstrual disturbances, and low bone mineral density in dancers.
Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, and other electronic databases were searched from 1966 to 2010 using key words such as "dance," "dancer," "dancing," "eating disorders," "menstruation disturbances," and "bone density." In addition, the reference lists of relevant studies were examined, specialized journals were hand-searched, and the websites of major dance associations were scanned for relevant information.
Citations were screened for relevance using a priori criteria, and relevant studies were critically reviewed for scientific merit by the best evidence synthesis method. After 2748 abstracts were screened, 124 articles were reviewed, and 23 (18.5%) of these were accepted as scientifically admissible (representing 19 unique studies).
Data from accepted studies were abstracted into evidence tables relating to prevalence and associated factors; incidence and risk factors; diagnosis; and prevention of disordered eating, menstrual disturbances, and/or low bone mineral density in dancers.
The scientifically admissible studies consisted of 13 (68%) cross-sectional studies and 6 (32%) cohort studies. Disordered eating and menstrual disturbances are common in dancers. The lifetime prevalence of any eating disorder was 50% in professional dancers, while the point prevalence ranged between 13.6% and 26.5% in young student dancers. In their first year of intensive dance training, 32% of university-level dancers developed a menstrual disturbance. The incidence of disordered eating and low bone mineral density in dancers is unknown. Several potential risk factors are suggested by the literature, but there is little compelling evidence for any of these. There is preliminary evidence that multifaceted sociocultural prevention strategies may help decrease the incidence of disordered eating.
The dance medicine literature is heterogeneous. The best available evidence suggests that disordered eating, menstrual disturbances, and low bone mineral density are important health issues for dancers at all skill levels. Future research would benefit from clear and relevant research questions being addressed with appropriate study designs and better reporting of studies in line with current scientific standards.
收集并综合有关舞者饮食障碍、月经紊乱和低骨密度的流行病学、诊断、预后、治疗和预防方面的最佳证据。
使用“舞蹈”、“舞者”、“跳舞”、“饮食障碍”、“月经紊乱”和“骨密度”等关键词，检索了 Medline、CINAHL、PsycINFO、Embase 和其他电子数据库，检索时间从 1966 年至 2010 年。此外，还查阅了相关研究的参考文献列表，手工检索了专业杂志，并扫描了主要舞蹈协会的网站以获取相关信息。
使用预先确定的标准筛选引文的相关性，并使用最佳证据综合方法对科学价值进行批判性评估。在筛选了 2748 篇摘要后，有 124 篇文章进行了综述，其中 23 篇（18.5%）被认为具有科学可接受性（代表 19 项独特研究）。
将接受研究的资料提取到与舞者饮食障碍、月经紊乱和/或低骨密度的患病率和相关因素、发病率和风险因素、诊断和预防相关的证据表中。
科学可接受的研究包括 13 项（68%）横断面研究和 6 项（32%）队列研究。饮食障碍和月经紊乱在舞者中很常见。专业舞者终身饮食障碍患病率为 50%，而青年学生舞者的时点患病率在 13.6%至 26.5%之间。在接受强化舞蹈训练的第一年，32%的大学水平舞者出现月经紊乱。舞者饮食障碍和低骨密度的发病率尚不清楚。文献中提出了一些潜在的风险因素，但没有任何一个因素有确凿的证据支持。有初步证据表明，多方面的社会文化预防策略可能有助于降低饮食障碍的发病率。
舞蹈医学文献具有异质性。现有最佳证据表明，饮食障碍、月经紊乱和低骨密度是各级技能水平舞者的重要健康问题。未来的研究将受益于明确和相关的研究问题，以及使用适当的研究设计和根据当前科学标准更好地报告研究。
