Brain and Behavioural Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2006 Jun 1;23(4):583-605. doi: 10.1080/02643290500310962.
We assessed the effects of three factors on recovery from extinction in patients with lesions including the posterior parietal lobe: (a) whether objects were frequently used together in action versus whether they could be used in action together; (b) whether there was an effect of positioning objects for action; and (c) whether the surface properties of objects mediated performance. There was greater recovery from extinction for objects used frequently together, along with effects produced by objects that could be used together. There were also positive effects of correctly positioning objects for action. There were no effects of surface information on the benefit of reporting both members of a pair, though there were some effects on error trials. The results provide positive evidence for an effect on attention of affordances based on objects falling in plausible co-locations for action. Such affordances may also be influenced by the frequency with which objects are used together and can be generated from edge-based representations of objects (surface colour and depth are not necessary). However, surface-based representations may influence the speed with which action-related properties of objects engage attention.
（a）物体在动作中是否经常一起使用，还是它们可以一起用于动作；（b）物体的定位对动作是否有影响；以及（c）物体的表面属性是否对性能有影响。经常一起使用的物体从消退中恢复的效果更好，而那些可以一起使用的物体也产生了效果。正确定位物体进行动作也有积极的效果。虽然物体的表面信息对报告一对物体的两个成员都有好处，但对错误试验没有影响。这些结果为基于物体在合理的共同位置上适合动作的可供性对注意力的影响提供了积极的证据。这种可供性也可能受到物体一起使用的频率的影响，并且可以从物体的基于边缘的表示中产生（表面颜色和深度不是必需的）。然而，基于表面的表示可能会影响与动作相关的物体属性吸引注意力的速度。
