Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti/Izmir, Turkey.
Int Nurs Rev. 2010 Dec;57(4):485-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2010.00808.x. Epub 2010 Sep 7.
Burnout is a fundamental problem among nurses. Nurses need to be trained to reduce burnout.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of coping and support group interventions to reduce burnout among nurses.
A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at a University Hospital in Izmir, Turkey. Level of burnout was measured with Maslach Burnout Inventory before and after the intervention as well as in the following 6 months. A total of 108 nurses met the selection criteria and agreed to participate. To determine the effectiveness of the intervention, two-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired t-test with Bonferroni correction were used when appropriate. All analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.
Right after the intervention, there was an immediate reduction in emotional exhaustion dimension of burnout with respect to time. However, in 6 months, scores were increased again. No significant difference was noted between groups and from the point of group × time interaction. There was not any change in depersonalization and personal accomplishment dimensions of burnout after the intervention.
By means of person-directed interventions, emotional exhaustion level can be decreased. The fact that burnout reduces after the intervention and an increase is observed in 6 months is an important result. Repetitive interventions can render the effect to be long lasting. It is recommended that the number of intervention studies to reduce burnout be increased and that long-term outcomes be observed.
倦怠是护士面临的一个根本问题。需要对护士进行培训以减少倦怠。
本研究旨在评估应对和支持小组干预措施对减少护士倦怠的效果。
在土耳其伊兹密尔的一所大学医院进行了一项随机对照试验（RCT）。在干预前后以及接下来的 6 个月内，使用 Maslach 倦怠量表测量倦怠程度。共有 108 名护士符合入选标准并同意参加。为了确定干预的效果，在适当的情况下使用两因素重复测量方差分析和配对 t 检验（Bonferroni 校正）。所有分析均基于意向治疗进行。
干预后，倦怠的情绪耗竭维度立即随时间减少。然而，6 个月后，分数再次增加。组间和组间×时间交互作用均无显著差异。干预后，去人性化和个人成就感维度的倦怠没有变化。
通过针对个人的干预措施，可以降低情绪耗竭水平。干预后倦怠减轻，6 个月后倦怠增加是一个重要结果。重复干预可以使效果持久。建议增加减少倦怠的干预研究数量，并观察长期结果。
