Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
J Periodontol. 2011 May;82(5):742-50. doi: 10.1902/jop.2010.100520. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
Chemical modification of implant surface is typically associated with surface topographic alterations that may affect early osseointegration. This study investigates the effects of controlled surface alterations in early osseointegration in an animal model.
Five implant surfaces were evaluated: 1) alumina-blasting, 2) biologic blasting, 3) plasma, 4) microblasted resorbable blasting media (microblasted RBM), and 5) alumina-blasting/acid-etched (AB/AE). Surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and optical interferometry, and chemical assessment by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The implants were placed in the radius of six dogs, remaining 2 and 4 weeks in vivo. After euthanization, specimens were torqued-to-interface failure and non-decalcified-processed for histomorphologic bone-implant contact, and bone area fraction-occupied evaluation. Statistical evaluation was performed by one-way analysis of variance (P <0.05) and post hoc testing by the Tukey test.
The alumina-blasting surface presented the highest average surface roughness and mean root square of the surface values, the biologic blasting the lowest, and AB/AE an intermediate value. The remaining surfaces presented intermediate values between the biologic blasting and AB/AE. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra revealed calcium and phosphorus for the biologic blasting and microblasted RBM surfaces, and the highest oxygen levels for the plasma, microblasted RBM, and AB/AE surfaces. Significantly higher torque was observed at 2 weeks for the microblasted RBM surface (P <0.04), but no differences existed between surfaces at 4 weeks (P >0.74). No significant differences in bone-implant contact and bone area fraction-occupied values were observed at 2 and 4 weeks.
The five surfaces were osteoconductive and resulted in high degrees of osseointegration and biomechanical fixation.
植入物表面的化学修饰通常与表面形貌的改变有关，这些改变可能会影响早期的骨整合。本研究旨在动物模型中探究控制表面形貌改变对早期骨整合的影响。
评估了 5 种种植体表面：1）氧化铝喷砂，2）生物喷砂，3）等离子体，4）微喷砂可吸收喷砂介质（微喷砂 RBM），和 5）氧化铝喷砂/酸蚀（AB/AE）。通过扫描电子显微镜和光学干涉测量法对表面形貌进行了表征，通过 X 射线光电子能谱法对化学评估进行了分析。将植入物置于六只狗的桡骨中，体内 2 周和 4 周后取出。处死动物后，通过扭矩至界面失效和非脱钙处理的方法对标本进行了检测，以进行组织形态学的骨-种植体接触和骨面积分数的评估。通过单向方差分析（P<0.05）进行统计评估，并通过 Tukey 检验进行事后检验。
氧化铝喷砂表面具有最高的平均表面粗糙度和表面均方根值，生物喷砂表面最低，AB/AE 表面具有中间值。其余表面的表面粗糙度和表面均方根值均介于生物喷砂和 AB/AE 之间。X 射线光电子能谱分析表明，生物喷砂和微喷砂 RBM 表面含有钙和磷，而等离子体、微喷砂 RBM 和 AB/AE 表面的氧含量最高。在 2 周时，微喷砂 RBM 表面的扭矩显著更高（P<0.04），但在 4 周时，各表面之间没有差异（P>0.74）。在 2 周和 4 周时，骨-种植体接触和骨面积分数值均无显著差异。
这 5 种表面均具有骨传导性，可实现高度的骨整合和生物力学固定。
