[1至4个月健康婴儿的正常结膜菌群]

Hua Ning, Ma Wen-jiang, Wang Jian-tao, Shi Ting, Li Xiao-rong

Tianjin Medical University Eye Center, Tianjin, China.

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2010 Jun;46(6):537-41.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the normal conjunctival bacterial flora isolated from healthy infants aged from 1 to 4 months and to analyze its correlated factors.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study. From January to March 2009, 109 cases of healthy babies aged from 1 to 4 months were selected through simple random sampling when they accepted health examination provided by Tianjin Medical University Eye Center and Tianjin Women and Children's Health Center. Conjunctival swabs were taken from both eyes and inoculated onto blood agar plates. The isolated bacteria were classified professionally. The distribution of different bacteria was investigated as well as the possible correlated factors by using t-test, χ(2) test and binary logistic regression of SPSS 11.5.

RESULTS

26 cases of healthy babies (23.9%) got positive culture results which consisted 44 strains of ocular bacterial isolates. 25 strains were gram-positive cocci, while 18 strains gram-positive bacilli, and 1 strain gram-negative bacillus. The first three isolated bacteria were Diphthamide bacillus (17/44, 38.6%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (16/44, 36.4%), and Staphylococcus aureus (6/44, 13.6%). The two subtypes of Staphylococci coexisted with Diphthamide bacillus in 8 eyes of 36 eyes from which bacteria were isolated. The bacterial isolation rate through every month age group had no significant difference (χ(2) = 0.351, P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the group of positive isolation (26 cases, 36 eyes) or negative isolation (83 cases, 166 eyes) through breast, formula or mixed feeding (χ(2) = 1.182, P > 0.05). The gender had no influence on the detection of bacteria (χ(2) = 0.001, P > 0.05). The birth weight, gestational age or examined age between the two groups had no significant difference (t = 0.078, t = 0.940, t = 0.686, P > 0.05). The gender, age, birth weight, gestational age and the way of feeding had no correlation with existence of conjunctival flora in these healthy infants (Wald χ(2) = 0.001, Wald χ(2) = 0.003, Wald χ(2) = 0.117, Wald χ(2) = 1.307, Wald χ(2) = 1.490, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The normal conjunctival flora might establish during the initial months of little babies. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Diphthamide bacillus are the most common bacteria. Future studies should be conducted to make sure whether there would be some factors correlated with the culture results.

目的

研究1至4个月健康婴儿结膜正常菌群并分析相关因素。

方法

本研究为横断面研究。2009年1月至3月，通过简单随机抽样选取109例1至4个月的健康婴儿，这些婴儿在天津医科大学眼科中心和天津市妇女儿童保健中心接受健康检查。采集双眼结膜拭子并接种于血琼脂平板。对分离出的细菌进行专业分类。采用SPSS 11.5软件的t检验、χ²检验和二元逻辑回归分析不同细菌的分布情况以及可能的相关因素。

结果

26例（23.9%）健康婴儿培养结果呈阳性，共分离出44株眼部细菌。其中革兰氏阳性球菌25株，革兰氏阳性杆菌18株，革兰氏阴性杆菌1株。分离出的前三种细菌为双硫腙杆菌（17/44，38.6%）、表皮葡萄球菌（16/44，36.4%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（6/44，13.6%）。在分离出细菌的36只眼中，有8只眼的葡萄球菌两种亚型与双硫腙杆菌共存。各月龄组细菌分离率差异无统计学意义（χ² = 0.351，P > 0.05）。母乳喂养、配方奶喂养或混合喂养的阳性分离组（26例，36只眼）和阴性分离组（83例，166只眼）差异无统计学意义（χ² = 1.182，P > 0.05）。性别对细菌检测无影响（χ² = 0.001，P > 0.05）。两组间出生体重、孕周或检查月龄差异无统计学意义（t = 0.078，t = 0.940，t = 0.686，P > 0.05）。性别、年龄、出生体重、孕周和喂养方式与这些健康婴儿结膜菌群的存在无相关性（Wald χ² = 0.001，Wald χ² = 0.003，Wald χ² = 0.117，Wald χ² = 1.307，Wald χ² = 1.490，P > 0.05）。