Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Biomaterials. 2010 Dec;31(36):9511-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.09.049.
Nanoparticles are of an appropriate size to interact with cells, and are likely to use a range of cellular machinery for internalisation and trafficking to various sub-cellular compartments. It is now understood that once in contact with biological fluids, the nanoparticle surface gets covered by a highly specific layer of proteins, forming the nanoparticle protein corona. This protein layer is stable for times longer than the typical time scale of nanoparticle import, and thus can impact on particle uptake and trafficking inside the cells. In this work, the effect of the corona composition on nanoparticle uptake has been investigated, by studying the impact of serum heat inactivation and complement depletion on the load of nanoparticles accumulated inside the cell. For the same material and nanoparticle size, cellular uptake was found to be significantly different when the nanoparticles were dispersed in medium where the serum was heat inactivated or not heat inactivated, even for non-specialized cells, suggesting that different sera can lead to different nanoparticle doses. The fact that uptake was correlated with the amount of protein bound into the nanoparticle corona suggests the need for commonly agreed dispersion protocols for in vitro nanoparticle-cell studies.
纳米颗粒的大小适合与细胞相互作用，并且可能利用一系列细胞机制进行内化和转运到各种亚细胞隔室。现在已经了解到，一旦与生物流体接触，纳米颗粒表面就会被一层高度特异的蛋白质覆盖，形成纳米颗粒蛋白冠。这种蛋白质层的稳定性超过了纳米颗粒进入细胞的典型时间尺度，因此可能会影响颗粒的摄取和在细胞内的转运。在这项工作中，通过研究血清热失活和补体耗竭对细胞内积累的纳米颗粒载量的影响，研究了蛋白冠组成对纳米颗粒摄取的影响。对于相同的材料和纳米颗粒尺寸，当纳米颗粒分散在热失活或未热失活的培养基中时，细胞摄取明显不同，即使对于非特化细胞也是如此，这表明不同的血清可能导致不同的纳米颗粒剂量。摄取与结合到纳米颗粒蛋白冠中的蛋白质数量相关，这表明需要为体外纳米颗粒-细胞研究制定通用的分散协议。
