Centre for BioNano Interactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
ACS Nano. 2012 Jul 24;6(7):5845-57. doi: 10.1021/nn300223w. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
Nanoparticles enter cells through active processes, thanks to their capability of interacting with the cellular machinery. The protein layer (corona) that forms on their surface once nanoparticles are in contact with biological fluids, such as the cell serum, mediates the interactions with cells in situ. As a consequence of this, here we show that the same nanomaterial can lead to very different biological outcomes, when exposed to cells in the presence or absence of a preformed corona. In particular, silica nanoparticles exposed to cells in the absence of serum have a stronger adhesion to the cell membrane and higher internalization efficiency, in comparison to what is observed in medium containing serum, when a preformed corona is present on their surface. The different exposure conditions not only affect the uptake levels but also result in differences in the intracellular nanoparticle location and impact on cells. Interestingly, we also show that after only one hour of exposure, a corona of very different nature forms on the nanoparticles exposed to cells in the absence of serum. Evidence suggests that these different outcomes can all be connected to the different adhesion and surface properties in the two conditions.
纳米颗粒通过与细胞机制相互作用的能力，通过主动过程进入细胞。一旦纳米颗粒与生物流体（如细胞血清）接触，它们表面形成的蛋白质层（即冠）会介导与细胞的原位相互作用。因此，在这里我们表明，当纳米材料在存在或不存在预先形成的冠的情况下暴露于细胞时，相同的纳米材料可能会导致非常不同的生物学结果。具体而言，与在含有血清的培养基中观察到的情况相比，当纳米颗粒表面存在预先形成的冠时，在不存在血清的情况下暴露于细胞的二氧化硅纳米颗粒与细胞膜的粘附更强，内化效率更高。不同的暴露条件不仅影响摄取水平，而且还会导致细胞内纳米颗粒位置和对细胞的影响产生差异。有趣的是，我们还表明，在仅暴露一小时后，在不存在血清的情况下暴露于细胞的纳米颗粒上会形成性质非常不同的冠。有证据表明，这两种情况下的不同结果都可以与不同的粘附和表面性质联系起来。
