Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60607-7137, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2011 Mar;47(1-2):58-68. doi: 10.1007/s10464-010-9369-y.
While the concept of culture has long been central to community psychology research and intervention, it has most frequently referred to the communities in which such work occurs. The purpose of this paper is to reframe this discussion by viewing community interventions as instances of intercultural contact between the culture of science, reflected in community intervention research, and the culture of the communities in which those interventions occur. Following a brief discussion of the complexities of culture as a concept, two illustrative stories of failed community interventions are provided to highlight the centrality of cultural and contextual understanding as prelude to community intervention. These stories, set 50 years apart, reflect the depth and pervasive influence of both the culture of science and the culture of communities. Next, a series of propositions about the culture of social science as a partial reflection of the broader culture of the United States are offered, and their implications for the conduct of community interventions drawn. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations which, together, provide an ecological mind-set for taking culture seriously in community interventions. Central to this mind set are the importance of focusing on communities rather than programs and emphasizing the intervention goal of choice over change.
虽然文化的概念长期以来一直是社区心理学研究和干预的核心，但它最常指的是此类工作发生的社区。本文的目的是通过将社区干预视为科学文化（反映在社区干预研究中）与干预发生的社区文化之间的跨文化接触的实例，重新构建这一讨论。在简要讨论了文化作为一个概念的复杂性之后，提供了两个失败的社区干预的说明性故事，以突出文化和背景理解作为社区干预的前奏的核心地位。这两个故事相隔 50 年，反映了科学文化和社区文化的深度和普遍影响。接下来，提出了一系列关于社会科学文化作为更广泛的美国文化的部分反映的命题，并得出了它们对社区干预实施的影响。本文最后提出了一系列建议，这些建议共同为在社区干预中认真对待文化提供了一种生态思维模式。这种思维模式的核心是关注社区而不是项目，并强调选择干预目标而不是改变。
