Santos J A M, Nunes R
Serviço de Física Médica, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, EPE, Rua Dr António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Mar;144(1-4):525-9. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq352. Epub 2010 Nov 9.
The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommendations for occupational exposed pregnant women do not imply necessarily the complete avoidance of work with radiation or radioactive materials. Instead, a careful review of the exposure conditions, once the pregnancy is declared, as part of the exercise of the ICRP optimisation principle (based in a teleological ethics point of view) is suggested. The dose limitation (following a deontological ethics point of view) of the fetus/embryo is, however, not clearly well established as happens in the case of workers or members of the public. Also, the justification of practices (to continue to work or not with radiation or radioactive materials) is not clearly addressed in most national or international recommendations. An analysis of this justification (bearing in mind both teleological and deontological ethics) is examined in this work having in mind the best interest of the child-to-be as well as other existing social and economical factors.
国际放射防护委员会针对职业性暴露的孕妇所给出的建议并不一定意味着要完全避免从事与辐射或放射性物质相关的工作。相反，建议一旦宣布怀孕，就要按照国际放射防护委员会的最优化原则（基于目的论伦理学观点），仔细审查暴露条件。然而，与工作人员或公众的情况不同，胎儿/胚胎的剂量限制（从义务论伦理学观点来看）并未明确确立。此外，大多数国家或国际建议中并未明确提及实践的正当性（即是否继续从事与辐射或放射性物质相关的工作）。本研究从目的论和义务论伦理学两方面进行分析，考量未来儿童的最大利益以及其他现有的社会和经济因素，对这一正当性进行了探讨。
