Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy, 72 East Concord Street, B7800, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Clin Sports Med. 2011 Jan;30(1):145-63, x. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2010.09.006.
Millions of athletes in the United States experience concussions annually. Although helmets and mouth guards have decreased the risk of catastrophic head injuries, their protective effects on concussions are less clear. This article evaluates the current literature on the effect of equipment on concussions. Understanding the role that these equipment play in preventing concussions is complicated by many factors, such as selection bias in nonrandomized studies, variations in playing style, and risk compensation in sports with mandatory protective equipment. Improving coach and player education about proper concussion management, encouraging neck-strengthening exercises, and minimizing high-risk impacts may reduce concussions in sports.
每年，美国有数百万运动员遭受脑震荡。尽管头盔和口腔防护器降低了灾难性头部损伤的风险，但它们对脑震荡的保护作用尚不清楚。本文评估了有关设备对脑震荡影响的现有文献。由于许多因素的影响，例如非随机研究中的选择偏差、比赛风格的变化以及强制性防护设备运动中的风险补偿，这些设备在预防脑震荡方面的作用变得复杂。提高教练和运动员对正确管理脑震荡的教育，鼓励颈部强化锻炼，并尽量减少高风险的冲击，可能会减少运动中的脑震荡。
