Sittig Steven E, Nesbitt Jeffrey C, Krageschmidt Dale A, Sobczak Steven C, Johnson Robert V
Division of Intensive Care and Respiratory Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011 Jan;75(1):74-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.10.012. Epub 2010 Nov 11.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate exposure of neonates to noise during air medical transport as few commercially available hearing protective devices exist for premature newborns during air medical transport.
Sound pressure levels in an infant incubator during actual flight conditions in four common medically configured aircraft were measured. Three noise dosimeters measured time-weighted average noise exposure during flight in each aircraft. One dosimeter was placed in the infant incubator, and the remaining dosimeters recorded noise levels in various parts of the aircraft cabin.
The incubator provided a 6-dBA decrease in noise exposure from that in the crew cabin. The average noise level in the incubator in all aircraft was close to 80 dB, much higher than the proposed limits of 45 dB for neonatal intensive care unit noise exposure or 60 dB during transport.
Exposure of neonates to elevated noise levels during transport may be harmful, and steps should be taken to protect the hearing of this patient population.
本研究旨在评估新生儿在航空医疗转运过程中接触噪音的情况，因为在航空医疗转运期间，针对早产新生儿几乎没有市售的听力保护装置。
在四架常见的医疗配置飞机的实际飞行条件下，测量了婴儿培养箱内的声压级。三个噪声剂量计测量了每架飞机飞行期间的时间加权平均噪声暴露。一个剂量计放置在婴儿培养箱内，其余剂量计记录飞机机舱各部位的噪声水平。
与机组人员舱相比，培养箱使噪音暴露降低了6分贝。所有飞机培养箱内的平均噪音水平接近80分贝，远高于新生儿重症监护病房建议的45分贝噪音暴露限值或转运期间60分贝的限值。
新生儿在转运过程中接触高水平噪音可能有害，应采取措施保护这一患者群体的听力。
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