Mitchell Sandra A, Fisher Cheryl A, Hastings Clare E, Silverman Leanne B, Wallen Gwenyth R
National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nurs Outlook. 2010 Nov-Dec;58(6):287-300. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2010.07.001.
The quantity and diversity of conceptual models in translational science may complicate rather than advance the use of theory. This paper offers a comparative thematic analysis of the models available to inform knowledge development, transfer, and utilization. Literature searches identified 47 models for knowledge translation. Four thematic areas emerged: (1) evidence-based practice and knowledge transformation processes, (2) strategic change to promote adoption of new knowledge, (3) knowledge exchange and synthesis for application and inquiry, and (4) designing and interpreting dissemination research. This analysis distinguishes the contributions made by leaders and researchers at each phase in the process of discovery, development, and service delivery. It also informs the selection of models to guide activities in knowledge translation. A flexible theoretical stance is essential to simultaneously develop new knowledge and accelerate the translation of that knowledge into practice behaviors and programs of care that support optimal patient outcomes.
转化医学中的概念模型在数量和多样性方面，可能会使理论的应用变得复杂，而非促进其应用。本文对有助于知识发展、传播和利用的模型进行了比较主题分析。文献检索确定了47个知识转化模型。出现了四个主题领域：（1）循证实践和知识转化过程；（2）促进新知识采用的战略变革；（3）知识交流与综合以用于应用和探究；（4）设计和解读传播研究。该分析区分了发现、开发和服务提供过程中各阶段的领导者和研究人员所做的贡献。它还为指导知识转化活动的模型选择提供了参考。灵活的理论立场对于同时开发新知识以及加速将该知识转化为实践行为和护理计划（以支持实现最佳患者结局）至关重要。
