College of Environmental Design, University of California, Berkeley, 230 Wurster Hall #1820, Berkeley, CA 94720-1820, USA.
Health Place. 2011 Jan;17(1):207-14. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.10.001. Epub 2010 Oct 15.
The objective of the research was to assess how proximity to parks and recreational resources affects the development of childhood obesity through a longitudinal study. Data were collected on 3173 children aged 9-10 from 12 communities in Southern California in 1993 and 1996. Children were followed for eight years to collect longitudinal information, including objectively measured body mass index (BMI). Multilevel growth curve models were used to assess associations between attained BMI growth at age 18 and numerous environmental variables, including park space and recreational program access. For park acres within a 500 m distance of children's homes, there were significant inverse associations with attained BMI at age 18. Effect sizes were larger for boys than for girls. Recreation programs within a 10 km buffer of children's homes were significantly and inversely associated with achieved levels in BMI at age 18, with effect sizes for boys also larger than those for girls. We conclude that children with better access to parks and recreational resources are less likely to experience significant increases in attained BMI.
这项研究的目的是通过纵向研究评估接近公园和娱乐资源对儿童肥胖发展的影响。1993 年和 1996 年，在加利福尼亚州南部的 12 个社区收集了 3173 名 9-10 岁儿童的数据。对这些儿童进行了八年的跟踪，以收集包括身体质量指数（BMI）在内的纵向信息。使用多层次增长曲线模型来评估在 18 岁时获得的 BMI 增长与包括公园空间和娱乐项目可及性在内的许多环境变量之间的关联。对于距离儿童家庭 500 米范围内的公园面积，与 18 岁时获得的 BMI 呈显著负相关。男孩的效应大小大于女孩。儿童家庭 10 公里缓冲区范围内的娱乐项目与 18 岁时 BMI 的实际水平呈显著负相关，男孩的效应大小也大于女孩。我们得出结论，儿童获得公园和娱乐资源的机会越好，获得的 BMI 增加幅度就越小。
