CSIRO Land and Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
Water Sci Technol. 2010;62(10):2338-45. doi: 10.2166/wst.2010.444.
Use of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) has rapidly increased in Australia, USA, and Europe in recent years as an efficient means of recycling stormwater or treated sewage effluent for non-potable and indirect potable reuse in urban and rural areas. Yet aquifers have been relied on knowingly for water storage and unwittingly for water treatment for millennia. Hence if 'leading edge' is defined as 'the foremost part of a trend; a vanguard', it would be misleading to claim managed aquifer recharge as a leading edge technology. However it has taken a significant investment in scientific research in recent years to demonstrate the effectiveness of aquifers as sustainable treatment systems to enable managed aquifer recharge to be recognised along side engineered treatment systems in water recycling. It is a 'cross-over' technology that is applicable to water and wastewater treatment and makes use of passive low energy processes to spectacularly reduce the energy requirements for water supply. It is robust within limits, has low cost, is suitable from village to city scale supplies, and offers as yet almost untapped opportunities for producing safe drinking water supplies where they do not yet exist. It will have an increasingly valued role in securing water supplies to sustain cities affected by climate change and population growth. However it is not a universal panacea and relies on the presence of suitable aquifers and sources of water together with effective governance to ensure human health and environment protection and water resources planning and management. This paper describes managed aquifer recharge, illustrates its use in Australia, outlining economics, guidelines and policies, and presents some of the knowledge about aquifer treatment processes that are revealing the latent value of aquifers as urban water infrastructure and provide a driver to improving our understanding of urban hydrogeology.
近年来，由于管理型含水层补给（Managed Aquifer Recharge，MAR）是一种高效的循环利用雨水或处理后的污水，将其用于城市和农村地区非饮用水和间接饮用水再利用的方法，因此在澳大利亚、美国和欧洲，其应用迅速增加。然而，含水层数千年来一直被用于蓄水，并且在不知不觉中用于水处理。因此，如果“前沿”被定义为“趋势的最前沿；先锋”，那么将管理型含水层补给称为前沿技术是误导的。然而，近年来，为了证明含水层作为可持续处理系统的有效性，需要在科学研究方面进行大量投资，以使管理型含水层补给与工程处理系统一起在水再循环中得到认可。这是一种“交叉”技术，适用于水和废水处理，并利用被动低能量过程，显著降低供水的能源需求。在一定范围内，它具有很强的稳定性，成本低，适用于从村庄到城市规模的供水，并且在尚未存在的地方，为生产安全饮用水提供了几乎未开发的机会。它将在确保受气候变化和人口增长影响的城市的供水安全方面发挥越来越重要的作用。然而，它并不是一种万能的灵丹妙药，需要有合适的含水层和水源，并需要有效的治理，以确保人类健康、环境保护以及水资源规划和管理。本文描述了管理型含水层补给，举例说明了其在澳大利亚的应用，概述了经济学、指南和政策，并介绍了一些关于含水层处理过程的知识，这些知识揭示了含水层作为城市水基础设施的潜在价值，并为提高我们对城市水文地质学的理解提供了动力。
