School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2010 Dec 27;365(1560):3969-75. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0161.
I explore the relationship between metabolism and personality by establishing how selection acts on metabolic rate and risk-taking in the context of a trade-off between energy and predation. Using a simple time budget model, I show that a high resting metabolic rate is not necessarily associated with a high daily energy expenditure. The metabolic rate that minimizes the time spent foraging does not maximize the net gain rate while foraging, and it is not always advantageous for animals to have a higher metabolic rate when food availability is high. A model based on minimizing the ratio of mortality rate to net gain rate is used to determine how a willingness to take risks should be correlated with metabolic rate. My results establish that it is not always advantageous for animals to take greater risks when metabolic rate is high. When foraging intensity and metabolic rate coevolve, I show that in a particular case different combinations of foraging intensity and metabolic rate can have equal fitness.
我通过建立代谢率与风险承受力在能量与被捕食风险之间权衡取舍的关系，来探索代谢与个性之间的关系。我利用一个简单的时间预算模型表明，高静息代谢率并不一定与高日能量消耗相关联。在觅食时，使觅食时间最小化的代谢率并不使净增长率最大化，而且当食物可获得性高时，动物具有较高的代谢率并不总是有利的。一个基于使死亡率与净增长率之比最小化的模型被用来确定冒险意愿应如何与代谢率相关联。我的结果表明，当代谢率较高时，动物并不总是有利地承担更大的风险。当觅食强度和代谢率共同进化时，我表明在特定情况下，不同的觅食强度和代谢率组合可以具有相等的适应性。
