Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Locked Bag No. 2073, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2011 May;164(2):170-82. doi: 10.1007/s12010-010-9124-8. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
Solid-state fermentation (SSF) was employed to enhance the nutritive values of palm kernel cake (PKC) for poultry feeding. Aspergillus flavus was isolated from local PKC and utilized to increase the mannose content of PKC via the degradation of β-mannan in PKC; evaluation was done for batch SSF in Erlenmeyer flasks and in a novel laterally aerated moving bed (LAMB) bioreactor. The optimum condition for batch SSF in flasks was 110% initial moisture content, initial pH 6.0, 30 °C, 855 μm particle size, and 120 h of fermentation, yielding 90.91 mg mannose g⁻¹ dry PKC (5.9-fold increase). Batch SSF in the LAMB at the optimum condition yielded 79.61 mg mannose g⁻¹ dry PKC (5.5-fold increase) within just 96 h due to better heat and mass transfer when humidified air flowed radially across the PKC bed. In spite of a compromise of 12% reduction in mannose content when compared with the flasks, the LAMB facilitated good heat and mass transfer, and improved the mannose content of PKC in a shorter fermentation period. These attributes are useful for batch production of fermented PKC feed in an industrial scale.
固态发酵（SSF）被用于提高棕榈仁饼（PKC）的营养价值，以用于家禽饲养。从当地的 PKC 中分离出黄曲霉，通过降解 PKC 中的β-甘露聚糖来提高 PKC 中的甘露糖含量；在摇瓶和新型侧向通风移动床（LAMB）生物反应器中进行分批 SSF 的评估。在摇瓶中分批 SSF 的最佳条件为初始水分含量 110%、初始 pH 值 6.0、30°C、855 μm 粒径和 120 h 的发酵时间，可产生 90.91 mg 甘露糖 g⁻¹干 PKC（增加 5.9 倍）。在最佳条件下，LAMB 中的分批 SSF 在 96 h 内仅产生 79.61 mg 甘露糖 g⁻¹干 PKC（增加 5.5 倍），因为当加湿空气径向流过 PKC 床时，可实现更好的传热和传质。尽管与摇瓶相比，甘露糖含量降低了 12%，但 LAMB 有利于良好的传热和传质，并在更短的发酵时间内提高了 PKC 的甘露糖含量。这些特性对于在工业规模上批量生产发酵的 PKC 饲料很有用。
