Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station, C0400, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Biotechnol Biofuels. 2010 Nov 16;3:24. doi: 10.1186/1754-6834-3-24.
Hexose and pentose cofermentation is regarded as one of the chief obstacles impeding economical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels. Over time, successful application of traditional metabolic engineering strategy has produced yeast strains capable of utilizing the pentose sugars (especially xylose and arabinose) as sole carbon sources, yet major difficulties still remain for engineering simultaneous, exogenous sugar metabolism. Beyond catabolic pathways, the focus must shift towards non-traditional aspects of cellular engineering such as host molecular transport capability, catabolite sensing and stress response mechanisms. This review highlights the need for an approach termed 'panmetabolic engineering', a new paradigm for integrating new carbon sources into host metabolic pathways. This approach will concurrently optimize the interdependent processes of transport and metabolism using novel combinatorial techniques and global cellular engineering. As a result, panmetabolic engineering is a whole pathway approach emphasizing better pathways, reduced glucose-induced repression and increased product tolerance. In this paper, recent publications are reviewed in light of this approach and their potential to expand metabolic engineering tools. Collectively, traditional approaches and panmetabolic engineering enable the reprogramming of extant biological complexity and incorporation of exogenous carbon catabolism.
己糖和戊糖共发酵被认为是阻碍木质纤维素生物质经济转化为生物燃料的主要障碍之一。随着时间的推移，传统代谢工程策略的成功应用已经产生了能够利用戊糖（特别是木糖和阿拉伯糖）作为唯一碳源的酵母菌株，但在工程化同时利用外源糖代谢方面仍然存在重大困难。除了分解代谢途径外，重点必须转移到细胞工程的非传统方面，如宿主分子运输能力、分解代谢物感应和应激反应机制。本综述强调了一种称为“泛代谢工程”的方法的必要性，这是一种将新碳源整合到宿主代谢途径中的新范例。该方法将使用新型组合技术和全局细胞工程同时优化运输和代谢的相互依存过程。因此，泛代谢工程是一种强调更好途径、减少葡萄糖诱导抑制和提高产物耐受性的全途径方法。在本文中，根据这一方法审查了最近的出版物及其扩展代谢工程工具的潜力。总的来说，传统方法和泛代谢工程使现有的生物复杂性得以重新编程，并将外源碳分解代谢纳入其中。
