Lung F-W, Shu B-C, Chiang T-L, Lin S-J
Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Child Care Health Dev. 2011 Mar;37(2):211-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01163.x. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
This study investigated a possible pathway of the childrearing context and maternal mental health at 6 months, and how these factors influence children's development at 6, 18 and 36 months.
Using random sampling, 2048 children and mothers were selected. The mother's health status was evaluated using the Taiwanese version of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and infant development was assessed using the high reliable Taiwan birth cohort study instrument. All data were collected using parental self-report, and were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis and further pathway using structural equation modelling.
This study showed that 12 factors effected children's development at 6 months, and some dissipated with growth. Of these, maternal education had an enduring effect on different domains of child development, and this effect intensified as the child grew older. Children who grew up in a family with more siblings would show a delay in language development at 6 months; they have a delay in motor and social development at 18 and 36 months. Additionally, maternal mental health effected the children's fine motor development at 6 months. However, this effect disappeared at 18 months, and influenced children's social development at 36 months.
This study demonstrated that the development of children at as young as 6 months is affected by various factors. These factors may dissipate, continue to influence child development up to 3 years of age, turn from being disadvantageous to beneficial, or affect different domains of child development. Also, parental self-report instrument might be has its limitation and could be contributed by several confounding factors. Thus, continuous longitudinal follow-up on changes in maternal conditions, family factors, and environmental factors is vital to understand how these early infantile factors affect each other and influence the developmental trajectories of children into early childhood.
本研究调查了6个月时育儿环境与母亲心理健康之间可能存在的途径，以及这些因素如何影响儿童在6个月、18个月和36个月时的发育。
采用随机抽样，选取了2048名儿童及其母亲。母亲的健康状况采用台湾版36项简明健康调查问卷（SF-36）进行评估，婴儿发育情况采用高可靠性的台湾出生队列研究工具进行评估。所有数据均通过父母自我报告收集，并采用多元线性回归分析以及结构方程模型进行进一步的途径分析。
本研究表明，有12个因素影响儿童6个月时的发育，其中一些因素会随着成长而消失。其中，母亲的教育程度对儿童发育的不同领域具有持久影响，且这种影响随着孩子年龄的增长而增强。在有更多兄弟姐妹的家庭中长大的孩子在6个月时语言发育会延迟；他们在18个月和36个月时运动和社交发育会延迟。此外，母亲的心理健康会影响儿童6个月时的精细运动发育。然而，这种影响在18个月时消失，并在36个月时影响儿童的社交发育。
本研究表明，年仅6个月的儿童发育受到多种因素的影响。这些因素可能会消失、持续影响儿童发育至3岁、从不利变为有利，或影响儿童发育的不同领域。此外，父母自我报告工具可能存在局限性，可能受到多种混杂因素的影响。因此，持续纵向跟踪母亲状况、家庭因素和环境因素的变化对于了解这些早期婴儿因素如何相互影响以及影响儿童进入幼儿期的发育轨迹至关重要。
